Chapter 4 - Adaptation For Survival Flashcards
Why do bigger animals have smaller surface area compared to their volume
So that they can conserve energy more easily but it is also more difficult to cool down
What are extremophiles
Microorganisms which are adapted to live in condition where enzymes won’t usually work because they would denature
How do plants lose water
They lose it as water vapour through the holes in the leaves called stomata
How can water be collected
If the plant has an extensive root system
How can water be conserved
If the plant has very small or waxy leaves. A plant may have a swollen stem to store the water
How do some smaller plants ensure they get enough light, water and nutrients
They flower before the trees are in leaf (like snowdrops)
What do some plants do so that they don’t compete with themselves
They spread their seeds over a wide area
What are the two ways of plants spreading their seeds
- Using animals to spread their fruits and seeds
* Using the wind (e.g. Sycamore) or mini explosions to spread their seeds (e.g. Broom)
What are the non living factors that might change
- Temperature
- Rainfall
- Light
- Oxygen levels
What are the living factors which might change
- Arrival of a new predator
- Arrival of a new disease
- The introduction of new plants which might provide new food or habitats
What do lichens do
Indicate the level of air pollution, particularly sulfur dioxide
The more species of lichen growing________
The cleaner the air
What measures the level of water pollution, in particular the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the water
Freshwater invertebrates
The wider the range of these invertebrates_______
The cleaner the water in the streams, river or pond
What equipment could be used to monitor non-living changes in the environment
- Rain gauges
- Thermometers
- pH sensors
- Oxygen sensors
- Data loggers
