Chapter 4- Carbohydrates and Diabetes- Quiz 1 Flashcards
What is the body’s preferred fuel source?
Which form of this source delivers energy to the cells in a form that can be used immediately?
Carbohydrates
Glucose (currency of the body)
Name the Disaccharides and which Monosaccharides each is composed of.
Sucrose = Glucose + Fructose
Lactose = Glucose + Galactose
Maltose = Glucose + Glucose
Name 3 Polysaccharides and describe each
Starch- Found in plants
Glycogen- Short-term energy; Stored in the liver and muscle cells
Fiber- Digestive enzymes can’t break these bonds
Minimum carbohydrates for brain function
130 grams per day
US official recommendation for fiber intake
25-38 grams per day
Recommended fiber intake for cancer prevention
40-45 grams per day
Recommended limit for added sugar
Men: 36 grams per day
Women: 25 grams per day
Consequences of high sugar intake
Heart attack/Stroke, Tooth decay, Diabetes, Skin Aging, Inflammation, Compromised immune system
What are other names for sugar
High Fructose Corn Syrup, Honey, Brown Sugar, Agave
What increases the risk that sugar will cause teeth decay?
Frequency of eating
Stickiness of the food
Length of time on the teeth
Why should someone who is trying to lose weight avoid artificial sweeteners?
They increase appetite and causes dysbiosis
What are the symptoms of those who are lactose intolerant and those who have milk allergy? Which one is life threatening?
Lactose Intolerant: Nausea, cramps, bloating, diarrhea, flatulence
Milk Allergy: Hives, difficult breathing
Lactose Intolerant is life threatening
Different affects of naturally occurring fructose (in fruits) compared to processed fructose?
Processed fructose causes obesity, diabetes, fatty liver disease, inflammation, high triglycerides
Natural fructose does not cause any of the above
Why are people getting more estrogen from milk now, compared to generations ago?
Cows are genetically engineered to produce milk during pregnancy. Estrogen is 30X higher during their pregnancy.
Problems caused by the sex hormones in cows milk
Prostate cancer, Endometrial cancer, Reduced sperm count, Early maturation in children
