Chapter 4: cardinal & ordinal numbers + dates Flashcards
1
Q
Define “cardinal number”
A
Any number that expresses an amount.
2
Q
cero
A
0
3
Q
uno
A
1
4
Q
dos
A
2
5
Q
tres
A
3
6
Q
cuatro
A
4
7
Q
cinco
A
5
8
Q
seis
A
6
9
Q
siete
A
7
10
Q
ocho
A
8
11
Q
nueve
A
9
12
Q
diez
A
10
13
Q
once
A
11
14
Q
doce
A
12
15
Q
trece
A
13
16
Q
catorce
A
14
17
Q
quince
A
15
18
Q
dieciséis
A
16
19
Q
diecisiete
A
17
20
Q
dieciocho
A
18
21
Q
diecinueve
A
19
22
Q
veinte
A
20
23
Q
veintiuno
A
21
24
Q
veintidós
A
21
25
veintitrés
23
26
veinticuatro
24
27
veinticinco
25
28
veintiséis
26
29
veintisiete
27
30
veintiocho
28
31
veintinueve
29
32
treinta
30
33
treinta y uno
31
34
cuarenta
40
35
cincuenta
50
36
sesenta
60
37
setenta
70
38
ochenta
80
39
noventa
90
40
How to express numbers after 30
Numbers after 30 (treinta) end in "a" and do not combine with the next number.
Examples:
treinta y cuatro
cuarenta y dos
cincuenta y nueve
41
True or false: Spanish uses "y" to connect hundreds and the following number.
False
Spanish does not use "y" to connect hundreds and the following number.
Examples:
110 = ciento diez
220 = doscientos veinte
315 = trescientos quince
42
cien
100
43
doscientos
200
44
trescientos
300
45
cuatrocientos
400
46
quinientos
500
47
seiscientos
600
48
setecientos
700
49
ochocientos
800
50
novecientos
900
51
mil
1,000
52
dos mil
2,000
53
un millón (de)
1,000,000
54
dos millones (de)
2,000,000
55
What happens when a masculine noun follows 21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 71, 81, or 91?
The "o" is dropped from uno.
```
Examples:
veintiún años (21 years)
treinta y un libros (31 books)
cincuenta y un gatos (51 cats)
sesenta y un hombres (61 men)
noventa y un amigos (91 friends)
```
56
What happens when a feminine noun follows 21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 71, 81, or 91?
The "uno" turns to "una"
Examples:
Cuarenta y una mujeres (41 women)
Setenta y una muchachas (71 girls)
Ochenta y una amigas (81 friends)
57
What is the pattern for 100?
Cien (100)
Ciento uno (101)
Ciento cincuenta (150)
Ciento noventa y nueve (199)
58
When does "cien" become "ciento"?
"Cien" becomes "ciento" when it is followed by any number less than itself.
Examples:
Ciento uno (101)
Ciento cincuenta (150)
Ciento noventa y nueve (199)
59
When does "cien" remain "cien?"
Before all nouns, masculine or feminine.
```
Examples:
cien libros (100 books)
cien casas (100 houses)
cien hombres (100 men)
```
60
What is the rule about the numbers 200 - 900 and the nouns they modify?
The numbers 200 - 900 agree with the noun they modify.
```
Examples:
doscientos hoteles (200 hotels)
doscientas puertas (200 doors)
cuatrocientos trenes (400 trains)
quinientas flores (500 flowers)
```
61
What is the word for "1,000"?
mil
62
What is the word for "1,000,000"
un millón (de)
Example: un millón de dólares
63
What is the word for "2,000,000" etc.?
```
Dos millones (de)
Example: dos millones de preguntas
```
tres millones
cuatro millones
64
How are Spanish numbers beginning with 1000 ("mil") counted?
In thousands, not hundreds.
The year 1992 is formed by combining 1000 + 900 + 92: mil novecientos noventa y dos.
2006 = dos mil seis
NOTE: mil does not change and does not need the article "un" in front of it (e.g., dos mil, tres mil, cinco mil)
65
When do you use the plural "miles"?
To refer to a large but inexact amount, similar to the way that in English we use "tons."
Example: Hay miles de personas en el restaurante (there are tons of people in the restaurant).
66
When to use periods vs. commas in Spanish numbers?
The period is used to separate thousands (e.g., 1.000.000).
The comma is used to represent decimals ($90,25 = noventa dólores y veinticinco centavos).
67
Cents
Centavos
68
What is the function of ordinal numbers?
Ordinal numbers express positions in a series, such as first, second, third, etc.
69
Primero
First
70
Segundo
Second
71
Tercero
Third
72
Cuarto
Fourth
73
Quinto
Fifth
74
Sexto
Sixth
75
Séptimo
Seventh
76
octavo
eighth
77
noveno
ninth
78
décimo
tenth
79
What is the rule about ordinal numbers related to noun and gender?
Ordinal numbers precede the noun and agree in gender with the noun they describe.
```
Examples:
el segundo mes (the second month)
la segunda parte (the second part)
la cuarta lección (the fourth lesson)
el octavo libro (the eighth book)
el noveno presidente (the ninth president)
```
80
What is the rule about primero and tercero?
Primero and tercero drop the "o" before a masculine noun.
Examples:
el primer hombre (the first man)
el tercer día (the third day)
81
What happens when ordinal numbers are used for kings, queens, popes, and centuries?
They follow the noun they describe.
```
Examples:
el siglo segundo (the second century)
Carlos Quinto (Charles the Fifth)
```
82
Ordinal numbers beyond "11"...
are the same as the regular numbers (I.e., once, doce, trece, catorce, etc.)
83
What changes in sentence structure beginning with the ordinal number for "eleventh"?
For eleventh and beyond, state the noun first, then the cardinal number
```
Examples:
la calle once (Eleventh Street)
el piso catorce (the fourteenth floor)
la lección veintitrés (the twenty-third lesson)
el piso ciento tres (the 103rd floor)
```
84
What numbers are used to indicate all days of the month except the first?
2 - 31
Examples:
¿Cuál es la fecha de hoy? (What is today's date?)
Hoy es el cinco de mayo (today is May 5)
Mañana es el seis de mayo (tomorrow is May 6)
Es el veintiocho de febrero (it is February 28)
Es el treinta y uno de octubre (it is October 31)
85
What is the rule related to the first day of the month?
Spanish uses an ordinal number only to indicate the first of the month: el primero del mes.
Examples:
Hoy es el primero de junio (today is June 1)
Mañana es el primero de octubre (tomorrow is October 1)
