chapter 4 - ionic compounds and precipitates Flashcards
(9 cards)
1
Q
ionic compound
A
- a compound made up of cations and anions held together by electrostatic forces of attraction
2
Q
ionic crystal lattice
A
- a three-dimensional, symmetrical arrangement of cations and anions, held together by electrostatic forces of attraction
3
Q
ionic compounds - hardness
A
- Ionic compounds are hard because large amounts of force required to break the strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the ions in the ionic lattice
4
Q
ionic compounds - brittleness
A
- Ionic compounds are brittle because if enough force is applied, ions of like charges will align and repel each other, causing the lattice to shatter
5
Q
ionic compounds - melting point
A
- ionic compounds have high melting points because lots of heat energy is needed to break the strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the ions in the lattice
6
Q
ionic compounds - electrical conductivity
A
- as solids - can’t conduct electricity as there are no free moving charges particles in lattice
- in aqueous solution or in molten state - can conduct electricity because they separate into free moving cations and anions that can carry a charge
7
Q
formation of ionic compounds
A
- Metal atoms tend to lose valence electrons, non-metal atoms attract electrons.
- Metal atoms donate their valence electrons to non-metal atoms, forming cations and anions
- the electrostatic force of attraction between these oppositely charged ions form ionic bonds
8
Q
spectator ions
A
- aqueous ions that do not change states throughout a reaction
9
Q
precipitate
A
- a solid formed in a precipitation reaction, from the reaction between two aqueous ionic solutions.
