Chapter 4: Learning Lab Values & Drug Monitoring

Question 1

What can cause agranulocytosis

Answer 1

clozapine
PTU
methimazole
procainamide
carbamazepine
Bactrim
Isoniazid

Question 2

What causes increased calcium levels

Answer 2

calcium supplementation

Vitamin D

thiazide diuretics

Question 3

What causes decreased calcium levels

Answer 3

long-term heparin

loop diuretics

bisphosphonates

cinacalcet

Question 4

What causes decreased magnesium levels

Answer 4

PPIs

diuretics

Question 5

What condition causes increased phosphate levels

Answer 5

Renal failure

Question 6

What causes increased K levels

Answer 6

ACEi
ARBs
ARAs
aliskiren
canagliflozin
cyclosporine
tacrolimus
K supplements
SMX/TMP
drosperinone-containing contraceptives

Question 7

What drugs causes decreased K levels

Answer 7

steroids
B-2 agonists
diuretics
insulin

Question 8

What causes decreased Na levels

Answer 8

carbamazepine
oxcarbazepine
SSRIs
diuretics

Question 9

What drugs causes decreased bicarbonate levels

Answer 9

topiramate

Question 10

What conditions cause increased BUN levels

Answer 10

Renal impairment

dehydration

Question 11

What drugs cause increased SCr

Answer 11

Aminoglycosides
amphotericin B

cisplatin
colistimethane
cyclosporine
tacrolimus

loop diuretics

polymyxin
NSAIDs
radiocontrast dye
vancomycin

Question 12

Increased anion gap suggests:

Answer 12

metabolic acidosis

Question 13

What conditions causes increased mean corpuscular volume (MCV)

Answer 13

B12

folate deficiency

Question 14

What condition causes decreased mean corpuscular volume (MCV)

Answer 14

iron deficiency

Question 15

Folic acid is decreased due to

Answer 15

phenytoin/phosphenytoin

phenobarbital

primidone

methotrexate

SMX/TMP

Question 16

Vitamin B12 is decreased due to

Answer 16

PPIs

metformin

Question 17

When is reticulocyte count decreased

Answer 17

In untreated anemia due to
iron
folate
B12 deficiency

and with bone marrow suppression

Question 18

Coombs test is positive in

Answer 18

drug-induced hemolysis caused by

PCNs
cephalosporins
dapsone
isoniazid
levodopa
methyldopa
methylene blue
nitrofurantoin
pegloticase
primaquine
quinidine
quinine
rasburicase
rifampin
sulfonamides

Question 19

The RBC destruction with G6PD deficiency is triggered by:

Answer 19

Stress
foods (fava beans)
dapsone
methylene blue
nitrofurantoin
pegloticase
primaquine
rasburicase
sulfonamides

Question 20

Anti-Xa peak should be obtained ___ hours after SC LMWH dose

Answer 20

4 hours

Question 21

What is Anti-Xa used to monitor

Answer 21

LMWH

UFH

Question 22

PT/INR is used to monitor

Answer 22

warfarin

Question 23

INR increases (without warfarin) due to

Answer 23

liver disease

Question 24

False increase in INR occurs from which drugs

Answer 24

daptomycin
oritavancin
telavancin

Question 25

aPTT or PTT is used to monitor

Answer 25

UFH direct thrombin inhibitors

Question 26

False increase in aPTT occurs from

Answer 26

oritavancin televancin

Question 27

Platelets decrease due to

Answer 27

Heparin LMWHs fondaparinux (Arixtra) linezolid valproic acid

Question 28

Which drugs are impacted by low albumin

Answer 28

Warfarin calcium phenytoin

Question 29

Which drugs require correction for low albumin

Answer 29

calcium phenytoin valproic acid

Question 30

Amylase and lipase increase in pancreatitis, which can be caused by which drugs and conditions

Answer 30

didanosine GLP-1 agonist DPP-4 inhibitors valproic acid hypertriglyceridemia

Question 31

Creatine Kinase (CK or CPK) is increased due to which drugs

Answer 31

daptomycin statins tenofovir raltegravir dolutegravir

Question 32

What are the cardiac enzymes that are used in the diagnosis of MI

Answer 32

Troponin T Troponin I BNP NT-proBNP

Question 33

BNP and NT-proBNP are markers of

Answer 33

Cardiac stress. Higher values indicate higher likelihood of HF

Question 34

Increased TSH (hypothyroidism) is due to which drugs?

Answer 34

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors lithium carbamazepine

Question 35

Lactic acid can be increased due to which drugs

Answer 35

NRTIs metformin

Question 36

Prolactin can increase due to

Answer 36

haloperidol risperidone paliperidone

Question 37

Uric acid can be increased due to

Answer 37

diuretics niacin low doses of ASA pyrazinamide cyclosporine tacrolimus select pancreatic enzyme product select chemotherapy (TLS)

Question 38

drugs that cause DILE

Answer 38

anti-TNF agents hydralazine isoniazid methimazole methyldopa minocycline procainamide PTU quinidine terbinafine

Question 39

Which lab parameters are used to assess HIV and monitor treatment

Answer 39

CD4+ lymphocyte count viral load

Question 40

What is the antibiody test used to screen for syphilis

Answer 40

RPR (Rapid Plasma Reagin)

Question 41

Those with TPMT deficiency may require lower doses of

Answer 41

azathiopurine (Imuran) mercaptopurine (Purinethol, Purixan)

Question 42

Therapeutic drug level for vanco

Answer 42

Trough: 15-20 mcg/mL for most serious infections - pneumonia - endocarditis - osteomyelitis - meningitis - bacteremia Trough: 10-15 mcg/mL for others