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A - NAPLEX > Chapter 4: Learning Lab Values & Drug Monitoring > Flashcards

Chapter 4: Learning Lab Values & Drug Monitoring Flashcards

1
Q

What can cause agranulocytosis

A

clozapine
PTU
methimazole
procainamide
carbamazepine
Bactrim
Isoniazid

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2
Q

What causes increased calcium levels

A

calcium supplementation

Vitamin D

thiazide diuretics

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3
Q

What causes decreased calcium levels

A

long-term heparin

loop diuretics

bisphosphonates

cinacalcet

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4
Q

What causes decreased magnesium levels

A

PPIs

diuretics

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5
Q

What causes increased phosphate levels

A

Renal failure

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6
Q

What causes increased K levels

A

ACEi
ARBs
ARAs
aliskiren
canagliflozin
cyclosporine
tacrolimus
K supplements
SMX/TMP
drosperinone-containing contraceptives

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7
Q

What causes decreased K levels

A

steroids
B-2 agonsts
diuretics
insulin

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8
Q

What causes decreased Na levels

A

carbamazepine
oxcarbazepine
SSRIs
diuretics

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9
Q

What causes decreased bicarbonate levels

A

topiramate

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10
Q

What causes increased BUN levels

A

Renal impairment and dehydration

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11
Q

What causes increased SCr

A

Aminoglycosides
amphotericin B

cisplatin
colistimethane
cyclosporine
tacrolimus

loop diuretics

polymyxin
NSAIDs
radiocontrast dye
vancomycin

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12
Q

Increased anion gap suggests:

A

metabolic acidosis

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13
Q

What causes increased mean corpuscular volume (MCV)

A

B12

folate deficiency

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14
Q

What causes decreased mean corpuscular volume (MCV)

A

iron deficiency

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15
Q

Folic acid is decreased due to

A

phenytoin/phosphenytoin

phenobarbital

primidone

methotrexate

SMX/TMP

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16
Q

Vitamin B12 is decreased due to

A

PPIs

metformin

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17
Q

When is reticulocyte count decreased

A

In untreated anemia due to
iron
folate
B12 deficiency

and with bone marrow suppression

18
Q

Coombs test is positive in

A

drug-induced hemolysis caused by

PCNs
cephalosporins
dapsone
isoniazid
levodopa
methyldopa
methylene blue
nitrofurantoin
pegloticase
primaquine
quinidine
quinine
rasburicase
rifampin
sulfonamides

19
Q

The RBC destruction with G6PD deficiency is triggered by:

A

Stress
foods (fava beans)
dapsone
methylene blue
nitrofurantoin
pegloticase
primaquine
rasburicase
sulfonamides

20
Q

Anti-Xa peak should be obtained ___ hours after SC LMWH dose

A

4 hours

21
Q

What is Anti-Xa used to monitor

A

LMWH

UFH

22
Q

PT/INR is used to monitor

A

warfarin

23
Q

INR increases (without warfarin) due to

A

liver disease

24
Q

False increase in INR occurs from

A

daptomycin
oritavancin
telavancin

25
Q

aPTT or PTT is used to monitor

A

UFH

direct thrombin inhibitors

26
Q

False increase in aPTT occurs from

A

oritavancin
televancin

27
Q

Platelets decrease due to

A

Heparin
LMWHs

fondaparinux (Arixtra)

linezolid

valproic acid

28
Q

Which drugs are impacted by low albumin

A

Warfarin
calcium
phenytoin

29
Q

Which drugs require correction for low albumin

A

calcium
phenytoin
valproic acid

30
Q

Amylase and lipase increase in pancreatitis, which can be caused by

A

didanosine

GLP-1 agonist

DPP-4 inhibitors

valproic acid

hypertriglyceridemia

31
Q

Creatine Kinase (CK or CPK) is increased due to

A

daptomycin
statins

tenofovir
raltegravir
dolutegravir

32
Q

What are the cardiac enzymes that are used in the diagnosis of MI

A

Troponin T

Troponin I

BNP

NT-proBNP

33
Q

BNP and NT-proBNP are markers of

A

Cardiac stress.

Higher values indicate higher likelihood of HF

34
Q

Increased TSH (hypothyroidism) is due to

A

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors

lithium

carbamazepine

35
Q

Lactic acid can be increased due to

A

NRTIs

metformin

36
Q

Prolactin can increase due to

A

haloperidol

risperidone

paliperidone

37
Q

Uric acid can be increased due to

A

diuretics
niacin
low doses of ASA
pyrazinamide
cyclosporine
tacrolimus
select pancreatic enzyme product
select chemotherapy (TLS)

38
Q

Causes of DILE

A

anti-TNF agents
hydralazine
isoniazid
methimazole
methyldopa
minocycline
procainamide
PTU
quinidine
terbinafine

39
Q

Which lab parameters are used to assess HIV and monitor treatment

A

CD4+ lymphocyte count

viral load

40
Q

What is the antibiody test used to screen for syphilis

A

RPR
(Rapid Plasma Reagin)

41
Q

Those with TPMT deficiency may require lower doses of

A

azathiopurine (Imuran)

mercaptopurine (Purinethol, Purixan)

42
Q

Therapeutic drug level for vanco

A

Trough: 15-20 mcg/mL for most serious infections
- pneumonia
- endocarditis
- osteomyelitis
- meningitis
- bacteremia

Trough: 10-15 mcg/mL for others

A - NAPLEX (83 decks)

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