Chapter 4: Nervous system and psychiatry Flashcards
(79 cards)
1
Q
cerebr/o
A
common form
cerebrum, largest part of the brain
2
Q
crani/o
A
common form
skull
3
Q
encehpal/o
A
common form
entire brain
4
Q
estesi/o
A
common form
Sensation
5
Q
gli/o
A
common form
glue
6
Q
gnos/o
A
common form
Knowing
7
Q
kinesi/o
A
common form
movement
8
Q
mening/o
A
common form
meninges, membranes
9
Q
meningi/o
A
common form
meninges, membranes
10
Q
myel/o
A
common form
spinal cord or bone marrow
11
Q
narc/o
A
common form
stupor or sleep
12
Q
neur/o
A
common form
nerve
13
Q
phas/o
A
common form
speech
14
Q
phob/o
A
common form
exaggerated fear or sensitivity
15
Q
phren/o
A
common form
Mind
16
Q
Psych/o
A
common form
mind
17
Q
schiz/o
A
common form
split
18
Q
somat/o
A
common form
sleep
19
Q
somn/o
A
common form
sleep
20
Q
somn/i
A
common form
sleep
21
Q
spin/o
A
common form
spine (thorn)
22
Q
spondyl/o
A
common form
vertebra
23
Q
vertebr/o
A
common form
vertebra
24
Q
stere/o
A
common form
3D or solid
25
ton/o
common form
| tone or tension
26
tax/o
common form
| order or coordination
27
top/o
common form
| place
28
ventricul/o
common form
| ventricle (belly or pouch)
29
-asthenia
suffix
| weakness
30
craniectomy
excision of part of the skull to approach the brain
31
craniotomy
incision into the skull to approach the brain
32
neuroplasty
surgical repair of a nerve
33
chemotherapy
treatment of malignancies, infections, and other diseases with chemical agents to destroy selected cells or impair their ability to reproduce
34
Radiation therapy
Treatment of neoplastic disease using ionizing radiation to impede the proliferation of malignant cells
35
analgesic
Drug that relieves pain
36
anticonvulsant
Drug that prevents or lessens convulsions
37
antidepressant
Drug that counteracts depression
38
sedative
Drug that has a calming effect and quiets nervousness
39
hypnotic
Drug that induces sleep
40
-lepsy
Suffix
| Seizure
41
-mania
suffix
| Condition of abnormal impulse toward
42
-paresis
suffix
| Slight paralysis
43
-plegia
suffix
| paralysis
44
central nervous system
Brain and spinal cord
45
brain
Portion of the central nervous system contained within the cranium
46
Cerebrum
Largest portion of the brain; divided into right and left halves, known as cerebral hemispheres, which are connected by a bridge of nerve fibers called the corpus callosum; lobes of the cerebrum are named after the skull bones they underlie
47
cerebellum
Portion of the brain located below the occipital lobes of the cerebrum; responsible for control and coordination of skeletal muscles
48
spinal cord
Column of nervous tissue from the brainstem through the vertebrae; responsible for nerve conduction to and from the brain and body
49
meninges
Three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord, consisting of the dura mater, pia mater, and arachnoid mater
50
cranial nerves
12 pairs of nerves arising from the brain
51
spinal nerves
31 pairs of nerves arising from the spinal cord
52
aphasia
Impairment because of localized brain injury that affects the understating, retrieving, and formulating of meaningful and sequential elements of language, as demonstrated by an inability to use or comprehend words; occurs because of a stroke, head trauma, or disease
53
dysphasia
Impairment in speech production and inability to arrange words in an understandable way
54
neuralgia
Pain along the course of a nerve
55
paralysis
Temporary or permanent loss of motor control
56
hemiparesis
Partial paralysis of the right or left half of the body
57
syncope
Fainting
58
cerebral aneurysm
Dilation of a blood vessel in the brain (aneurysm=dilation or widening
59
cerebral thrombosis
Presence of a stationary clot in a blood vessel of the brain
60
cerebrovascular accident
Damage to the brain caused by cerebrovascular disease, such as occlusion of a blood vessel by a thrombus or embolus (ischemic stroke) or intracranial hemorrhage after rupture of an aneurysm (hemorrhagic stroke); also called stroke
61
stroke
Damage to the brain caused by cerebrovascular disease, such as occlusion of a blood vessel by a thrombus or embolus (ischemic stroke) or intracranial hemorrhage after rupture of an aneurysm (hemorrhagic stroke); also called stroke
62
encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain
63
epilepsy
Disorder affecting the central nervous system; characterized by recurrent seizures
64
hydrocephalus
Abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain because developmental problems, infection, injury, or tumor
65
meningioma
Benign tumor of the coverings of the brain (meninges)
66
meningitis
inflammation of the meninges
67
myelitis
inflammation of the spinal cord
68
narcolepsy
Sleep disorder characterized by a sudden, uncontrollable need to sleep, attacks of paralysis (cataplexy), and dreams intruding while awake (hypnagogic hallucinations)
69
hemiplegia
Paralysis of one side of the body
70
paraplegia
Paralysis from the waist down
71
quadriplegia
Paralysis of all four limbs
72
sleep apnea
Periods of breathing cessation(10 seconds or more) that occur during sleep, often caused by snoring
73
Electroencephalogram
Record of the minute electrical impulses of the brain measured as alpha, beta, delta, and theta waves, used to identify neurological conditions that affect brain function and levels of consciousness
74
EEG
Record of the minute electrical impulses of the brain measured as alpha, beta, delta, and theta waves, used to identify neurological conditions that affect brain function and levels of consciousness
75
lumbar puncture
Introduction of a specialized needle into the spine in the lumbar region for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes, such as to obtain CSF for testing; also called spinal tap
76
magnetic resonance Imaging MRI
Nonionizing imaging technique using magnetic fields and radiofrequency waves to visualize anatomic structures (especially soft tissue) such as the tissues of the brain and spinal cord
77
cerebral embolism
Obstruction of a blood vessel in the brain by an embolus (blood clot, air bubble, or fat deposit in a blood vessel) transported through the circulation
78
cerebral angiogram
x-ray of blood vessels in the brain after intracarotid injection of contrast medium
79
anorexia nervosa
a severe disturbance in eating behavior caused by abnormal perceptions about one’s body weight, as evidenced by an overwhelming fear of becoming fat that results in a refusal to eat and body weight well below normal.
