Chapter 4: Nucleic Acids

Question 1

What’s the purpose of nucleic acids?

Answer 1

To carry genetic information

Question 2

What are the 2 types of nucleic acid?

Answer 2

DNA, RNA

Question 3

DNA stands for?

Answer 3

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Question 4

RNA stands for?

Answer 4

Ribonucleic acid

Question 5

DNA and RNA are polymers of many?

Answer 5

Nucleotides

Question 6

What is a nucleotide comprised of?

Answer 6

Phosphate group, 5-carbon sugar, and nitrogenous base

Question 7

What are the 5 n-bases?

Answer 7

Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil, Guanine, Adenine

Question 8

Which n-bases are pyrimidines?

Answer 8

C,T,U

Question 9

Why are C,T,U considered pyrimidines?

Answer 9

Because they only have a single 6-atom ring

Question 10

Which n-bases are purines?

Answer 10

A,G

Question 11

Why are A,G considered purines?

Answer 11

Because they have a double-ring structure comprised of one 6-atom and one 5-atom ring

Question 12

Nucleotides bond together into?

Answer 12

Strands

Question 13

Strands have?

Answer 13

A sugar-phosphate backbone with n-bases sticking out’

Question 14

A gene is?

Answer 14

The part of the strand that carries instructions to assemble a polypeptide chain (usually a protein)

Question 15

DNA stores?

Answer 15

Genetic info

Question 16

DNA is passed on when?

Answer 16

Cells divide

Question 17

DNA is usually a part of structures called?

Answer 17

Chromosomes

Question 18

DNA contains?

Answer 18

Deoxyribose sugar

Question 19

DNA has which 4 n-bases?

Answer 19

A,G,C,T

Question 20

Each DNA molecule contains?

Answer 20

2 nucleotide strands

Question 21

The 2 strands are twisted into a?

Answer 21

Double helix

Question 22

How are n-bases held together?

Answer 22

By H-bonds

Question 23

How are A and T (U and A for RNA) bonded?

Answer 23

Doubly bonded

Question 24

How are C and G bonded?

Answer 24

Triply bonded

Question 25

The base sequence on one strand predicts the sequence on the?

Answer 25

Complementary strand

Question 26

RNA has?

Answer 26

Ribose sugar

Question 27

Which n-base doesn't exist for RNA?

Answer 27

Thymine

Question 28

Which n-base exists for RNA but not DNA?

Answer 28

Uracil

Question 29

What is the purpose of mRNA?

Answer 29

Carries info from DNA to ribosomes

Question 30

What occurs in the ribosomes?

Answer 30

Polypeptide chains are assembled

Question 31

What is the purpose of tRNA?

Answer 31

Delivering aa's to ribosomes

Question 32

What are the 3 functions of ATP?

Answer 32

Movement, 'Pumping' molecules across membranes, E-requiring actions

Question 33

ATP ties together which reactions?

Answer 33

E-producing and E-requiring reactions