Chapter 4 Quiz Flashcards
(20 cards)
Endoplasmic Reticulum(ER)
continuous with the nuclear envelope; membranous tubes and sacs separate from cytosol
Nucleus
contains genetic material in form of chromosomes, made of chromatin; surrounded by envelope
Nucleolus
specialized structure in the nucleus; site of rRNA synthesis and ribosomal subunit assembly
Cytoplasm
interior area of cell, between
nucleus and plasma membrane
Cytosol
semifluid (jelly-like) portion of
the cytoplasm that suspends subcellular
structures
Chromosomes
discrete units of organized DNA (genetic information
Chromatin
complex of chromosome proteins (coils) and DNA
Ribosomes
assemble proteins; made of large and small subunits while in nucleolus
Rough ER
studded with ribosomes on outer surface on
cytoplasmic side; place of protein synthesis
Smooth ER
detoxifies ingested drugs and poisons;
synthesis of lipids; metabolism of carbohydrates; stores
calcium
Golgi Apparatus
sorting ,packaging and
shipping center
Endomembrane System
interconnected cellular network that includes plasma membrane, nuclear envelope, ER, Golgi, lysosomes, vesicles and vacuoles
Vesicle
membranes that “pinch off” and
transport needed proteins around cell
Lysosome
membranous sac of enzymes use to digest macromolecules (phagocytosis)
Vacuoles
usually derived from ER or Golgi; selective transport (cell waste)
What are the three important parameters of microscopy?
Magnification, resolution, contrast
two types of Electron Microscopes (EMs)
Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope
What is the extracellular matrix?
meshwork that surrounds animal cell; undergirds cells and tissues to give them mechanical and biochemical support
What composes the ECM?
consists of Fibronectin, Integrin, Collagen, and Proteoglycans
What are the three main cell junctions found in animal cells?
Desmosomes, gap junctions, tight junction
