Chapter 4 - Responding to Classical Liberalism

Question 1

A collectivist philosopher who believed people could take of each other and there was no need for representative government

Answer 1

Rousseau

Question 2

‘On Liberty’ – book promoting individual freedom, free speech and role of government- “the harm principle”

Answer 2

John Mill

Question 3

Discussed the invisible hand and market forces guiding the economy

Answer 3

Adam Smith

Question 4

Dictatorship of the Proletariat will eventually wither away

Answer 4

Marx

Question 5

Introduced Canada’s first universal health care

Answer 5

Tommy Douglas

Question 6

Thought that dramatic changes in society such as the French revolution were not good for society, sought to keep tradition and elitism, limited suffrage

Answer 6

Edmund Burke

Question 7

Separation of powers (US Constitution principle of checks and balances)

Answer 7

Montesquieu

Question 8

Pushed new legislation that broke up monopolies, a “Square Deal” for Americans

Answer 8

Theodore Roosevelt

Question 9

Government must protect man’s natural rights to life, liberty and property

Answer 9

Locke

Question 10

Economic ideas were used to promote welfare state policies in the 1930’s in the USA

Answer 10

Keynes

Question 11

Because human nature is characterized by fear, violence and dangerous self-interest, humans must give up freedom to one person (Leviathan)

Answer 11

Hobbes

Question 12

The reason we have legislative, judicial and executive branches of governments

Answer 12

Montesquieu

Question 13

Capitalism will be overthrown in a class struggle between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie

Answer 13

Marx

Question 14

Evolving economic liberalism; increasing government involvement in the economy; demand-side economic theory through fiscal and monetary policies

Answer 14

Keynes

Question 15

Advocate moderate political and social reform through government action

Answer 15

Progressivism

Question 16

The key principle of liberalism which states no individual is above the law

Answer 16

Rule of law

Question 17

A time period following The Medieval Period characterized by belief in the worth of the individual

Answer 17

Renaissance

Question 18

An economic system founded on the belief in a free market and limited government intervention

Answer 18

Laissez-faire capitalism

Question 19

Event widely considered to mark the shift from classical liberalism to modern liberalism

Answer 19

The Great Depression

Question 20

Acceptance of the idea that laissez-faire capitalists needed to consider the rights of workers and develop a social conscience; in America capitalists provided certain benefits to workers to prevent the growth of unions

Answer 20

Welfare capitalism

Question 21

The right to vote

Answer 21

Universal suffrage

Question 22

Reaction to classical liberalism stressing improvements/rights for the working class in the mid 1800’s

Answer 22

Chartism

Question 23

A movement of skilled craftsmen who rejected the technological advancements of the Industrial Revolution

Answer 23

Luddites

Question 24

An ideology that believes in high tax rates in order to create increased economic equality through government assistance

Answer 24

Socialism

Question 25

European intellectual movement of the 17th and 18th centuries promoting classical liberalism

Answer 25

Enlightenment

Question 26

Programs are offered by governments to ensure a basic standard of living

Answer 26

Welfare state

Question 27

An economic system pre-dating capitalism stating all economic activity should serve the state through trading monopolies

Answer 27

Mercantilism

Question 28

Reaction to classical liberalism stating the legacy of the past must be respected; thought there should be a ruling elite and limited suffrage

Answer 28

Classical conservatism

Question 29

Public ownership of all land, workers and finances in order to create a completely equal society

Answer 29

Communism

Question 30

Humanitarian movement opposing abuses of laissez-faire capitalism; built ‘model’ communities

Answer 30

Utopian socialists

Question 31

A way of governing that values order and control over personal freedoms

Answer 31

Authoritarianism

Question 32

Who made the New Deal?

Answer 32

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Question 33

Three R's of the New Deal

Answer 33

relief, reovery, reform

Question 34

set of domestic policies that expanded the federal governments role in the economy in response to the Great Depression

Answer 34

New Deal

Question 35

increases rights for labor, social security, enviro. improvement programs, federal work programs

Answer 35

New Deal

Question 36

Demand side economics

Answer 36

govt should take a larger role in regulating the economy through taxation and the flow of money supply

Question 37

Fiscal policy

Answer 37

direct taxes and spending by govts

Question 38

Monetary policy

Answer 38

centrol banks raising/lowering interest rates and printing money

Question 39

Inflation

Answer 39

value of your dollar decreases/cost of goods increase

Question 40

when a govt lowers taxes or increases govt spending on infrastructure

Answer 40

fiscal policy

Question 41

What should the govt do during periods of economic growth?

Answer 41

raise interest rates, raise taxes, decrease govt spending

Question 41

when a govt raises interest rates or destroys money

Answer 41

monetary policy

Question 42

What should the govt do during periods of declining economic growth?

Answer 42

lower interest rates, lower taxes, increase govt spending

Question 43

Feminism

Answer 43

belief that men and women are to be treated equally in every respect