Chapter 4 The Musculoskeletal System— Orthopedics (TERMS) Flashcards
(251 cards)
1
Q
Bone starts as
A
Cartilage
2
Q
Blood vessels penetrate the cartilage…
A
…and bone cells (osteocytes) begin the process of replacing the cartilage model with actual bone.
- process begins well before you are born and does not finish until puberty ends.
3
Q
Many bones harden from the center…
A
outward
4
Q
Some bones grow in a special growth center called
A
epiphyseal plate (also known as the growth plate)
5
Q
growth center lies in the
A
metaphysis (area between the end of the bone(epiphysis) and the long shaft of the bone (diaphysis) )
6
Q
Suffix for growth
A
-physis
7
Q
The bones in the middle of the skeleton are called the
A
axial part of your skeleton
8
Q
skull (cranio) is attached to your
A
spine
9
Q
spine is made of many similar bones called
A
vertebrae that connect together
10
Q
vertebrae protect
A
your spinal cord
11
Q
Spine has 4 sections
A
- neck section (cervical)
-chest/upper back section (thoracic) - lower back (lumbar and sacral)
12
Q
Ribs(costo) attach to the
A
vertebrae of the thoracic section
13
Q
arms and legs branch off both sides of this central part of the skeleton
A
vertebrae of thoracic section
14
Q
your upper arm (brachio) leads to the two bones of your
A
forearm(radius and ulna)
15
Q
your upper arm (brachio) leads to the two bones of your forearm(radius and ulna), then to your wrist (carpe)
A
wrist (carpe)
16
Q
your upper arm (brachio) leads to the two bones of your forearm(radius and ulna), then to your wrist (carpe), and finally to your
A
fingers (phalanges).
17
Q
legs begin with your
A
thigh bone (femur)
18
Q
legs begin with your thigh bone (femur), work down to the two
A
shin bones (tibia and fibula)
19
Q
legs begin with your thigh bone (femur), work down to the two shin bones (tibia and fibula), move on to your
A
ankle (tarsal)
20
Q
legs begin with your thigh bone (femur), work down to the two shin bones (tibia and fibula), move on to your ankle (tarsal), and ultimately reach your
A
toes (phalanges again like the fingers)
21
Q
Root for bone
A
oste/o
22
Q
Root for head and skull
A
crani/o
23
Q
Root for neck
A
cervic/o
24
Q
Root for vertebra
A
spondyl/o
25
root for loin, lower back
lumb/o
26
root for arm
brachi/o
27
root for finger
dactyl/o
28
root for wrist
carp/o
29
root for rib
cost/o
30
root for femur (thighbone)
femor/o
31
root for tibia (shinbone)
tibi/o
32
root for ankle
tars/o
33
every bone in the body is connected to another except the
hyoid
34
the connection points between bones are known as
joints
35
Not all joints allow
movement (e.g. bones in your skull are bound tightly together)
36
moving joints allow motions like
bending and rotating
37
when a joint bends its called
flexion
38
when a joint straightens its called
extension
39
widening of a joint to move parts away from the body is
abduction
40
the joint narrows to bring parts back toward the body
adduction
41
holds muscle to bone
tendon
42
hold bone to bone
ligaments
43
surrounds bones at the joints and allows smooth movement among them
cartilage
44
under many tendons lie sacs of fluid, known as ___________ which help keep muscles and bones moving smoothly
bursae
45
root for cartilage
chondr/o
46
root for joint
arthr/o
47
root for bursa
burs/o
48
skeletal muscle is encased in a thick membrane called
fascia
49
fascia helps keep the muscle
together
50
skeletal muscles attach to bones their job is to
move the bones
51
muscles attach to bone via
tendons (which are thick bands of connective tissue)
52
root of tendon (connective tissue connecting muscle to bone)
ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o
53
root of muscle
muscul/o, my/o, myos/o
54
root for fascia (fibrous connective tissue binding muscles together)
fasci/o
55
root for tone, tension
ton/o
56
root for movement, motion
kinesi/o (also sometimes kinet/o)
57
root for arrangement, order, coordination
tax/o
58
root for stiff, bent
ankyl/o
59
the most common musculoskeletal medical complaint is
pain
60
rib pain
costalgia
cost/algia
rib/pain
(kaws-TAL-jee-ah)
61
pain in the bones of the foot
metatarsalgia
meta/tars/algia
after/ankle/pain
(MET-ah-tar-SAL-jee-ah)
62
bone pain
ostalgia
ost/algia
bone pain
(aws-TAL-jee-ah)
63
bone pain
osteodynia
osteo/dynia
bone/ pain
(AWS-tee-oh-DIN-ee-ah)
64
vertebra pain
spondylodynia
spondylo/dynia
vertebra/pain
(SPAWN-dih-loh-DIN-ee-ah)
65
tibia (shin) pain
tibialgia
tibi/algia
tibia/ pain
(TIB-ee-AL-jee-ah)
66
joint stiffness
ankylosis
ankyl/osis
stiff/condition
(ANG-kih-LOH-sis)
67
joint pain
arthralgia
arthr/algia
joint/pain
(ar-THRAL-jee-ah)
68
joint pain
arthrodynia
arthro/dynia
joint/pain
(AR-thoh-DIN-ee-ah)
69
neck pain
cervicodynia
cervico/dynia
neck/pain
(SIR-vih-koh-DIN-ee-ah)
70
a crackling sound heard in joints
crepitation
(krep-ih-TAY-shun)
71
knock-kneed
genu valgum
knee pointed in
(JEH-nyoo- VAL-gum)
72
bowlegged
gene varum
knee bowed out
(JEH-nyoo VAH-rum)
73
slow movement
bradykinesia
brady/kinesia
slow/movement
(BRAD-ee-kih-NEE-see-ah)
74
inability to control movement
dyskinesia
dys/kinesia
bad/movement
(DIS-kih-nee-zhee-ah)
75
poor coordination
dystaxia
dys/taxia
bad/coordination
(dis-TAK-see-ah)
76
poor muscle tone
dystonia
dys/tonia
bad/muscle tone
(dis-TOH-nee-ah)
77
writer's cramp
graphospasm
grapho/spasm
write/involuntary contraction
(GRAF-oh-spazm)
78
increase in muscle movement or activity
hyperkinesia
hyper/kinesia
over/movement
(HAI-per-kin-NEE-zhee-ah)
79
increased muscle tone or tightness
hypertonia
hyper/tonia
over/ muscle tone
(HAI-per-TOH-nee-ah)
80
decrease in muscle movement or activity
hypokinesia
hypo/kinesia
under/movement
(HAI-poh-kih-NEE-zhee-ah)
81
decrease in muscle tone or tightness
hypotonia
hypo/tonia
under/muscle tone
(HAI-poh-TOH-nee-ah)
82
muscle pain
myalgia
my/algia
muscle/pain
(mai-AL-jee-ah)
83
muscle weakness
myasthenia
my/asthenia
muscle/weakness
(MAI-as-THEE-nee-ah)
84
muscle pain
myodynia
myo/dynia
muscle/pain
(MAI-oh-DIN-ee-ah)
85
muscle spasm
myospasm
myo/spasm
muscle/ involuntary contraction
(MAI-oh-SPAZM)
86
tendon pain
tenalgia
ten/algia
tendon/pain
(te-NAL-jee-ah)
87
the exam of the muscles and bones focuses mainly on typical signs of inflammation:
redness, swelling, heat, and pain
88
puncture of a joint
arthrocentesis
arthro/centesis
joint/puncture
(AR-throh-sen-TEE-sis)
89
instrument for looking into a joint
arthroscope
arthro/scope
joint/instrument to look
(AR-throh-SKOHP)
90
procedure of looking into a joint
arthroscopy
arthro/scopy
joint/procedure to look
(ar-THRAWS-koh-pee)
91
a record of the electrical activity of a muscle
electromyogram
electro/myo/gram
electricity/muscle/record
(eh-LEK-troh-MAI-oh-gram)
92
procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a muscle
electromyography
electro/myo/graphy
electricity/ muscle/writing procedure
(eh-LEK-troh-mai-AWG-rah-fee)
93
procedure for studying muscles
myography
myo/graphy
muscle/ writing procedure
(mai-AWG-rah-fee)
94
visual record of a joint
arthrogram
arthro/gram
joint/record
(AR-throh-GRAM)
95
procedure used to examine a joint
arthrography
arthro/graphy
joint/writing procedure
(ar-THRAWG-ra-fee)
96
imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis
computed axial tomography (CAT or CT)
axi/al tomo/graphy
axis/pertaining to cut/writing procedure
(kom-PYOO-ted-AK-see-al toh-MAWG-rah-fee)
97
humped back; abnormal forward curvature of the upper spine
kyphosis
kyph/osis
bent/condition
(kai-FOH-sis)
98
sway back; abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine
lordosis
lord/osis
bent backward/condition
(lor-DOH-sis)
99
crooked back; abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
scoliosis
scoli/osis
crooked/condition
(SKOH-lee-OH-sis)
100
wrist inflammation
carpitis
carp/itis
wrist/inflammation
(kar-PAL-tis)
101
softening of the skull
craniomalacia
cranio/malacia
skull/softening
(kray-nee-oh-mah-LAY-shee-ah)
102
abnormal growth of bone out of another bone
exostosis
ex/ost/osis
out/bone/condition
(EK-sos-toh-sis)
103
a bone break
fracture
(FRAK-chur)
104
poor bone development
osteodystrophy
osteo/dys/trophy
bone/bad/nourishment
(AWS-tee-oh-DIS-troh-fee)
105
bone loss
osteolysis
osteo/lysis
bone/loss
(AWS-tee-awl-ih-sis)
106
death of bone
osteonecrosis
osteo/necr/osis
bone/death/condition
(AWS-tee-oh-neh-KROH-sis)
107
abnormal hardening of bone
osteosclerosis
osteo/scler/osis
bone/hardening/condition
(AWS-tee-oh-skleh-ROH-sis)
108
having more than the normal number of fingers (or toes)
polydactyly
poly/dactyl/y
many/finger/condition
(PAWL-ee-DAK-tih-lee)
109
vertebra inflammation
spondylitis
spondyl/itis
vertebra/inflammation
(spawn-dih-LAIT-is)
110
softening of the vertebra
spondylomalacia
spondylo/malacia
vertebra/softening
(SPAWN-dih-loh-mah-LAY-shee-ah)
111
fusion(sometimes called webbing) of fingers (or toes)
syndactyly
syn/dactyl/y
together/finger/condition
(sin-DAK-tih-lee)
112
flat feet
tarsoptosis
tarso/ptosis
ankle/drooping condition
(TAR-sawp-TOH-sis)
113
a stone in a bursa
bursolith
burso/lith
bursa/stone
(BIR-soh-lith)
114
fluid buildup
effusion
ef/fusion
out/pour
(ee-FYOO-zhun)
115
blood in a joint
hemarthrosis
hem/arthr/osis
blood/joint/condition
(hem-ar-THROH-sis)
116
water (fluid) in a joint
hydrarthrosis
hydr/arthr/osis
water/joint/condition
(HAI-drar-THROH-sis)
117
pus in a joint
pyarthrosis
py/arthr/osis
pus/joint/condition
(PAI-ar-THROH-sis)
118
underdevelopment, decrease, or loss of muscle tissue
atrophy
a/trophy
no/nourishment
(A-troh-fee)
119
overdevelopment of muscle tissue
hypertrophy
hyper/trophy
over/nourishment
(hai-PER-troh-fee)
120
hernia of muscle tissue
myocele
myo/cele
muscle/hernia
(MAI-oh-seel)
121
loss of muscle tissue
myolysis
myo/lysis
muscle/loss
(mai-AWL-ih-sis)
122
softening of a muscle
myomalacia
myo/malacia
muscle/softening
(MAI-oh-mah-LAY-see-ah)
123
hardening of a muscle
myosclerosis
myo/scler/osis
muscle/hardening/conditon
(MAI-oh-skler-OH-sis)
124
stretching of a muscle
myotasis
myo/tasis
muscle/expansion
(mai-AWT-ah-sis)
125
muscle tone
myotonia
myo/tonia
muscle/tone
(MAI-oh-TOH-nee-ah)
126
a stiffening inflammation of the vertebrae
ankylosingspondylitis
ankylos/ing/spondyl/itis
stiffen/causing vertebra/inflammation
(ANG-kih-LOH-sing spawn-dih-LAI-tis)
127
poor development of bones and cartilage
chondro-osteodystrophy
chondro/osteo/dys/trophy
cartilage/bone/bad/nourishment
(KAWN-droh-AWS-tee-oh-DIS-troh-fee)
128
the premature fusing of the skull bones
craniosynostosis
cranio/syn/ost/osis
skull/together/bone/osis
(KRAY-nee-oh-SIN-AWS-toh-sis)
129
finger inflammation
dactylitis
dactyl/itis
finger/ inflammation
(DAK-tih-LAI-itis)
130
hypertrophic spondylitis
hyper/trophic spondyl/itis
over/nourishment vertebra/ inflammation
(HAI-per-TROH-fik spawn-dih-LAI-its)
131
bone inflammation
osteitis
oste/itis
bone/inflammation
(AWS-tee-AIT-is)
132
inflammation of bone and cartilage
osteochondritis
osteo/chondr/itis
bone/cartilage/inflammation
(AWS-tee-oh-KON-DRAIT-is)
133
a disease in which the bones do not develop correctly, also known as brittle bone disease
osteogenesis imperfecta
osteo/genesis im/perfecta
bone/ creation not/ complete
(AWS-tee-oh-JIN-eh-sis IM-per-FEK-tah)
134
softening of the bone
osteomalacia
osteo/malacia
bone/softening
(AWS-tee-oh-mah-LAY-shee-ah)
135
inflammation of the bone and bone marrow
osteomyelitis
osteo/myel/itis
bone/marrow/inflammation
(AWS-tee-oh-MAI-eh-LAIT-is)
136
bone disease
osteopathy
osteo/pathy
bone/disease
(AWS-tee-AWP-ah-thee)
137
reduction in bone volume
osteopenia
osteo/penia
bone/deficiency
(AWS-tee-oh-PEE-nee-ah)
138
loss of bone density
osteoporosis
osteo/por/osis
bone/pore/condition
(AWS-tee-oh-poh-ROH-sis)
139
abnormal narrowing of the spine
spinal stenosis
spinal sten/osis
spine narrow/condition
(SPAI-nal stih-NOH-sis)
140
joint disease of the vertebra
spondyloarthropathy
spondylo/arthro/pathy
vertebra/joint/disease
(SPAWN-dih-loh-ar-THRAWP-ah-thee)
141
the slipping or dislocation of a vertebra
spondylolisthesis
spondylo/listhesis
vertebra/slipping
(SPAWN-dih-loh-lis-THEE-sis)
142
loss of vertebra structure
spondylolysis
spondylo/lysis
vertebra/loss
(SPAWN-dih-LOL-ih-sis)
143
vertebra condition
spondylosis
spondyl/osis
vertebra/condition
(SPAWN-dih-LOH-sis)
144
joint inflammation
arthritis
arthr/itis
joint/inflammation
(ar-THRAI-tis)
145
inflammation of the joints; it is called rheumatoid because its symptoms resemble those of rheumatic fever
rheumatoid arthritis
rheumat/oid arthr/itis
rheumatic fever/resembling joint/ inflammation
(ROO-mah-TOYD-ar-THRAI-tis)
146
inflammation of the joint caused by infection
septic arthritis
septic arthr/itis
rotting joint/inflammation
(SEP-tik ar-THAI-tis)
147
inflammation of the joints, specifically those that bear weight
osteoarthritis
osteo/arthr/itis
bone/joint/inflammation
(AWS-tee-oh-ar-THRAI-tis)
148
hernia of a joint
arthrocele
arthro/cele
joint/hernia
(AR-throh-SEEL)
149
abnormal joint devolpment
arthrodysplasia
arthro/dys/plasia
joint/bad/formation
(AR-throh-dis-PLAY-zhee-ah)
150
joint disease
arthropathy
arthro/pathy
joint/disease
(ar-THRAWP-ah-thee)
151
hardening of the joints
arthrosclerosis
arthro/scler/osis
joint/hardening/condition
(AR-throh-skleh-ROH-sis)
152
inflammation of the bursa
bursitis
burs/itis
bursa/inflammation
(bur-SAIT-is)
153
disease of the bursa
bursopathy
burso/pathy
bursa/disease
(bur-SAWP-ah-thee)
154
partial dislocation of a joint
subluxation
sub/luxation
beneath/dislocation
(SUB-luk-SAY-shun)
155
a defect in the formation of cartilage
achondroplasia
a/chondro/plasia
no/cartilage/formation
(AY-KAWN-droh-PLAY-zhee-ah)
156
abnormal softening of the cartilage
chondromalacia
chondro/malacia
cartilage/softening
(KAWN-droh-mah-LAY-shee-ah)
157
inflammation of the cartilage of the rib
costochondritis
costo/chondr/itis
rib/cartilage/inflammation
(KAWS-toh-kawn-DRAIT-is)
158
inflammation of the fascia
fasciaitis
fascia/itis
fasica/ inflammation
(FASH-ee-AIT-is)
159
disorder characterized by poor muscle development
muscular dystrophy
muscul/ar dys/trophy
muscle/ pertaining to bad/ nourishment
(MUS-kyoo-lar- DIS-troh-fee)
160
violent muscle contraction
myoclonus
myo/clonus
muscle/ turmoil
(MAI-AWK-loh-nus)
161
muscle disease
myopathy
myo/pathy
muscle/disease
(mai-AWP-ah-thee)
162
muscle weakness
myasthenia
my/asthenia
muscle/weakness
(MAI-as-THEE-nee-ah)
163
inflammation of muscle and fascia
myofasciitis
myo/fasci/itis
muscle/fascia/inflammation
(MAI-oh-FASH-ee-AI-tis)
164
muscle inflammation
myositis
myos/itis
muscle/inflammation
(mai-oh-SAI-tis)
165
inflammation of the fascia, causing the death of tissue
necrotizing fasciitis
necrot/izing fasci/itis
death/causing fascia/inflammation
(NEK-roh-TAI-zing FASH-ee-AIT-is)
166
inflammation of multiple muscles
polymyositis
poly/myos/itis
many/muscle/inflammation
(PAWL-ee-MAI-oh-SAI-tis)
167
condition characterized by the loss of muscle control
tardive dyskinesia
tardive dys/kinesia
slow bad/movement
(TAR-div DIS-kih-NEE-zhee-ah)
168
tendin/itis
tendon/inflammation
tendinitis
169
tendon inflammation
tendonitis
tendon/itis
(TEN-dah-NAI-tis)
170
a tumor like growth of cartilage tissue
chondroma
chondr/oma
cartilage/tumor
(kawn-DROH-mah)
171
a muscle tumor
myoma
my/oma
muscle/tumor
(mai-OH-mah)
172
a cancerous muscle tumor
myosarcoma
myo/sarc/oma
muscle/flesh/tumor
(MAI-oh-sar-KOH-mah)
173
bone cancer tumor
osteocarcinoma
osteo/carcin/oma
bone/cancer/tumor
(AWS-tee-oh-kar-sin-OH-mah)
174
a tumor made up of bone and cartilage, also known as an exostosis made up of cartilage
osteochondroma
osteo/chondr/oma
bone/cartilage/tumor
(AWS-tee-oh-KON-DROH-mah)
175
cancerous tumor arising out of bone cells
osteosarcoma
osteo/sarc/oma
bone/flesh/tumor
(AWS-tee-oh-sar-KOH-mah)
176
a drug that relieves pain
analgesic
an/alge/sic
no/pain/agent
(AN-al-JEE-zik)
177
a drug that opposes joint inflammation
antiarthritic
anti/arthri/tic
against/joint (pain)/agent
(ANT-ee-ar-THRIT-ik)
178
a drug that opposes inflammation
anti-inflammatory
anti/inflammatory
against/inflammation
(ANT-ee-in-FLAM-ah-tor-ee)
179
a drug that opposes fever
antipyretic
anti/pyre/tic
against/fever/agent
(ANT-ai-pai-RET-ik)
180
a device that aids in the straightening or stabilizing of a part of the body
orthotics
ortho/tics
straight/agent
(OR-THAWT-iks)
181
a device that is added to a body to replace a missing part or lost function
prosthesis
pros/thesis
toward/place
(praws-THEE-sis)
182
removal of all or part of the wrist
carpectomy
carp/ectomy
wrist/removal
(kar-PEK-toh-mee)
183
removal of a rib
costectomy
cost/ectomy
rib/ removal
(kaws-TEK-toh-mee)
184
removal of a portion of the skull
craniectomy
crani/ectomy
skull/removal
(kray-nee-EK-toh-mee)
185
a removal of a portion of the skull
craniotomy
cranio/tomy
skull/incision
(kray-nee-AWT-oh-mee)
186
the fixation of a fractured bone from the outside (i.e. using cast, splints, stabilizers )
external fixation
external fix/ation
outside fix/ procedure
(EK-stirn-al fik-SAY-shun)
187
the fixation of a fractured bone from the inside (i.e. using screws, pins, plates)
internal fixation
internal fix/ation
inside fix/ procedure
188
returning bones to their proper position without the use of surgery
closed reduction
closed re/duc/tion
closed back/lead/proceedure
(klohzd rih-DUK-shun)
189
returning bones to their proper position through the use of surgery
open reduction
open re/duc/tion
open back/lead/procedure
(OH-pen rih-DUK-shun)
190
removal of a bone in the hand
metacarpectomy
meta/carp/ectomy
after/wrist/removal
(MET-ah-kar-PEK-toh-mee)
191
removal of a bone
ostectomy
ost/ectomy
bone/removal
(aws-TEK-toh-mee)
192
removal of a bone
osteectomy
oste/ectomy
bone/removal
(aws-tee-EK-toh-mee)
193
the surgical breaking of a bone (often done to remedy a deformity)
osteoclasia
osteo/clasia
bone/breaking
(AWS-tee-oh-KLAY-zhee-ah)
194
reconstruction of a bone
osteoplasty
osteo/plasty
bone/reconstruction
(AWS-tee-oh-PLAS-tee)
195
incision into a bone
osteotomy
osteo/tomy
bone/incision
(AWS-tee-AWT-oh-mee)
196
fusing together of multiple vertebrae
spondylosyndesis
spondylo/syn/desis
vertebra/together/binding
(SPAWN-dih-loh-SIN-deh-sis)
197
incision into the sternum
sternotomy
sterno/tomy
sternum/ incision
(ster-NAWT-oh-mee)
198
removal of all or a portion of the ankle
tarsectomy
tars/ectomy
ankle/removal
(tar-SEK-toh-mee)
199
surgical fracture of the ankle
(i.e. to treat clubfoot)
tarsoclasia
tarso/clasia
ankle/breaking
(TAR-soh-KLAY-zhee-ah)
200
removal of a joint
arthrectomy
arthr/ectomy
joint/removal
(ar-THREK-toh-mee)
201
the therapeutic breaking of a joint to allow for increased mobility
arthroclasia
arthro / clasia
joint / breaking
AR-throh-KLAY-zhee-ah
202
surgical fixation of a joint
arthrodesis
arthro / desis
joining / binding
AR-throh-DEE-sis
203
loosening a stiff joint
arthrolysis
arthro / lysis
joint / loose
ar-THRAWL-ih-sis
204
reconstruction of a joint
arthroplasty
arthro / plasty
joint / reconstruction
AR-throh-PLAS-tee
205
incision into a joint
arthrotomy
arthro / tomy
joint / incision
ar-THRAWT-oh-mee
206
removal of a bursa
bursectomy
burs/ectomy
bursa/removal
bur-SEK-toh-mee
207
incision into a bursa
bursotomy
burso/tomy
bursa/incision
(bur-SAWT-oh-mee)
208
removal of cartilage
chondrectomy
chondr/ectomy
cartilage/removal
kawn-DREK-toh-mee
209
reconstruction of cartilage
chondroplasty
chondro/plasty
cartilage/reconstruction
KAWN-droh-PLAS-tee
210
removal of fascia
fasciectomy
fasci/ectomy
fascia/removal
FASH-ee-EK-toh-mee
211
binding of fascia
fasciodesis
fascio/desis
fascia/binding
FASH-ee-AWD-eh-sis
212
reconstruction of fascia
fascioplasty
fascio / plasty
fascia / reconstruction
FASH-ee-oh-PLAS-tee
213
suturing of fascia
fasciorrhaphy
fascio / rhaphy f
ascia / suture
fash-ee-OR-ah-fee
214
incision into fascia
fasciotomy
fascio / tomy
fascia / incision
fash-ee-AWT-oh-mee
215
removal of muscle
myectomy
my / ectomy
muscle / removal
mai-EK-toh-mee
216
binding of a muscle
myodesis
myo / desis
muscle / binding
mai-AWD-eh-sis
217
removal of a muscle tumor
myomectomy
my/om/ ectomy
muscle / tumor / removal
MAl-oh-MEK-toh-mee
218
muscle reconstruction
myoplasty
myo / plasty
muscle / reconstruction
mai-oh-PLAS-tee
219
Definition muscle suture
myorrhaphy
myo / rrhaphy
muscle / suture
mai-OR-ah-fee
220
incision into muscle
myotomy
myo/tomy
muscle/incision
(mai-AWT-oh-mee)
221
removal of a tendon
tendectomy
tend / ectomy
tendon / removal
ten-DEK-toh-mee
222
reconstruction of a tendon
tendoplasty
tendo / plasty
tendon / reconstruction
TEN-doh-PLAS-tee
223
binding of a tendon
tenodesis
teno / desis
tendon / binding
ten-AWD-eh-sis
224
freeing/loosening a tendon
tenolysis
teno/ lysis
tendon / loosen
ten-AWL-ih-sis
225
removal of a tendon
tenonectomy
tenon / ectomy
tendon / removal
TEN-oh-NEK-toh-mee
226
reconstruction of a tendon
tenoplasty
teno/ plasty
tendon / reconstruction
TEN-oh-PLAS-tee
227
suture of a tendon
tenorrhaphy
teno / rrhaphy
tendon / suture
ten-OR-ah-fee
228
incision into a tendon
tenotomy
teno/ tomy
tendon / incision
teh-NAWT-oh-mee
229
history
Hx
230
fracture
Fx
231
traction or treatment
Tx
232
anterior cruciate ligament
ACL
233
medial collateral ligament
MCL
234
lateral collateral ligament
LCL
235
posterior cruciate ligament
PCL
236
cervical (of the neck) vertebrae
C1-C7
237
thoracic (of the chest) vertebrae
T1-T12
238
lumbar (of the loin) vertebrae
L1-L5
239
sacral vertebrae
S1-S5
240
deep tendon reflex (this is what doctors are testing when they tap the knee with a reflex hammer)
DTR
241
electromyogram
EMG
242
full range of motion
FROM
243
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
NSAID
244
osteoarthritis
OA
245
open reduction internal fixation
ORIF
246
physical therapy
PT
247
rheumatoid arthritis
RA
248
rest, ice, compression, elevation
RICE
249
range of motion
ROM
250
weight bearing
WB
251
weight bearing as tolerated
WBAT
