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ANHS1602 > Chapter 4: The Origins Of The Gods > Flashcards

Chapter 4: The Origins Of The Gods Flashcards

1
Q

What does Chaos relate to etymologically?

A

Gap and yawn

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2
Q

Who did Gaea give birth to?

A
  • Uranus (sky)
  • Pontus (sea)
  • Mountains
  • Erinyes
  • Giants
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3
Q

Who did Gaea produce from her sexual union with Uranus?

A

The Titans:

  • Oceanus
  • Coeus
  • Crius
  • Hyperion
  • Iapetus
  • Theia
  • Rhea
  • Themis
  • Mnesmosyne
  • Phoebe
  • Tethys
  • Cronus
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4
Q

Who were the parents of the Oceanids?

A

Oceanus and Tethys

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5
Q

What were the names of the three Cyclopes?

A

Brontes (thunderer), Steropes (flasher) and Arges (brightener)

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6
Q

What were the names of the three Hecatonchires (the hundred handers)

A

Cottus, Briareus and Gyes

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7
Q

Who was Hyperion?

A

Hyperion was a Titan but was also known as a sun god. He was the father of Helius (also a sun god), Selene (the moon) and Eos (the dawn)

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8
Q

Who was Phaethon?

A

He was the child of Helius and Clymene (an oceanid).

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9
Q

What was the one wish that Phaethon asked of Helius?

A

He asked that he be allowed to ride the chariot of sun across the sky

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10
Q

What happened to Phaethon?

A

Phaethon was blasted from the chariot by Zeus to save the earth, some of which had already been scorched by the chariot (Libya and the skins of the Ethiopians)

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11
Q

Who did Selene fall in love with?

A

A mortal shepherd named Endymion

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12
Q

What happened to Endymion?

A

At Selene’s request, Zeus placed him in an eternal sleep so that he would never grow old

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13
Q

Who was the greatest love of Eos?

A

Tithonus, a Trojan Prince

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14
Q

What happened to Tithonus?

A

He was granted immortality however he was subject to ageing to he was doomed to live forever as an old man

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15
Q

With what item did Cronus cut off the phallus of Uranus?

A

A sickle that was fashioned from gray steel by Gaea

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16
Q

What creatures sprang from the blood of Uranus?

A

The Erinyes (the Furies who punish broken oaths and haunt anyone who sheds kindred blood) and the Giants

17
Q

How was Aphrodite born?

A

She was born from the foam of the sea (from some of the stuff of Uranus). She was first seen on the island of Cythera

18
Q

What does Aphrodite’s name mean?

A

Foam-born

19
Q

What is the Greek word for foam?

A

Aphros

20
Q

What does the sphinx’s name mean?

A

Strangler (a deadly spirit of plague that besieged the city of Thebes)

21
Q

Who was Geryon?

A

An enemy of Heracles, he had three bodes joined at the waist and his dog Orthus had two heads

22
Q

Who was Echidna?

A

An ordinary woman from the buttocks up, but a serpent below

23
Q

Who was Nereus?

A

He was the wise Old Man of the Sea and a prophetic deity. He also had the ability to change shape and sired fifty-two Nereids

24
Q

Who was Thetis?

A

She was a Nereid and the mother of Achilles. She was able to change her shape at will like her father

25
Q

Who was the wide of Cronus?

A

Rhea, who was also his sister

26
Q

Who were the children of Cronus and Rhea?

A

Hestia, Demeter, Hera, Hades, Poseidon and Zeus

27
Q

How did Rhea hide Zeus?

A

She hid him in a mountain cave where he was brought up by nymphs.

28
Q

How did the nymphs feed Zeus?

A

They fed him the milk from the goat Amalthea and the honey from Melissa (the bee)

29
Q

How were the infant cries of Zeus drowned out while he was hidden from Cronus?

A

They were drowned out by the clashing cymbals of the Corybantes (whirlers), also called the Curetes (young men or warriors)

30
Q

What was the name of the stone that Rhea gave to Cronus disguised as Zeus?

A

The omphalos (navel)

31
Q

How did the Olympians beat the Titans in the Titanomachy?

A

Zeus released the Hecatonchires and the Cyclopes (they then fashioned him his lightning bolts)

32
Q

Who was Typhoeus?

A

The monster given birth to by Gaea who fought against Zeus

33
Q

Who retrieved the sinews of Zeus after they were cut out by Typhoeus?

A

Hermes

34
Q

What is the significance of Mount Haemus?

A

It was covered by the blood of Typhoeus. The name Haemus means bloody

35
Q

Where did Zeus bury Typhoeus?

A

Mount Etna

36
Q

What was so strange about the birth of Athena?

A

Metis had already been pregnant with Athena when Zeus swallowed her. Athena then sprung out of his head fully clothed and shouting a battle-cry

37
Q

What is the best example of Mesopotamian creation myth?

A

The Babylonian poem Enuma elish

ANHS1602 (21 decks)

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