Chapter 4- Tissues

Question 1

covers external and internal surfaces throughout the body

Answer 1

Epithelium

Question 2

not in contact with other cells

Answer 2

free surface

Question 3

adjacent to a basement membrane

Answer 3

basal surface

Question 4

secreted partly by epithelial cells and partly by the cells of those underlying tissues
substances that cross epithelium must also cross here- it is filter-like

Answer 4

basement membrane

Question 5

cylindrical extensions of the cell membrane that increase the free surface area

Answer 5

Microvilli

Question 6

special type of stratified epithelium that can be greatly stretched

Answer 6

Transitional Epithelium

Question 7

The number of cell layers decreases when..

Answer 7

Stretched

Question 8

Found in mammary, larynx, male’s urethra

Answer 8

Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Question 9

specialized mucus-producing cells that are mixed w ciliated cells

Answer 9

Goblet cells

Question 10

Bind adjacent cells together and form permeability barriers

Answer 10

tight junctions

Question 11

mechanical links that bind cells together

Answer 11

demosomes

Question 12

anchor cells to the basement membrane

Answer 12

hemidosomes

Question 13

small channels that allow small molecules and ions to pass from one epithelial cells to an adjacent one

Answer 13

Gap junctions

Question 14

glands with ducts

Answer 14

exocrine

Question 15

type of exocrine that ‘ducts have no branches’

Answer 15

simple

Question 16

Type of exocrine that has many branches

Answer 16

compound

Question 17

end of glands that are expanded into saclike structure

-vesicles empty their contents into the duct

Answer 17

Acinus

Question 18

most common type of secretion

Answer 18

merocrine

Question 19

shedding of entire cells

-lost cells replaced by other cells deeper in the gland

Answer 19

holocrine secretion

Question 20

Glands without ducts

Answer 20

endocrine

Question 21

this tissue is found throughout the body

-has large amounts of extracellular material that separates cells from one another

Answer 21

Connective tissue

Question 22

contains protein fibers, ground substances, fluid

Answer 22

extracellular matrix

Question 23

resemble microscopic ropes, flexible but resist stretching

Answer 23

collagen fibers

Question 24

fine, short collagen fibers that branch to form a supporting network

Answer 24

reticular fibers

Question 25

structure similar to that of coiled metal bed springs

Answer 25

elastic fibers

Question 26

resemble the limbs of pine trees w protein forming branches and polysaccharides forming pine needles

Answer 26

proteoglycans

Question 27

cells that form fibers and ground substance in the extracellular matrix of fibrous CT

Answer 27

fibroblasts

Question 28

cells that maintain fibroblasts

Answer 28

fibrocytes

Question 29

form bone

Answer 29

osteoblasts

Question 30

break down bone

Answer 30

osteoclasts

Question 31

maintain bone

Answer 31

osteocytes

Question 32

large WBC that are capable of moving

Answer 32

macriphages

Question 33

nonmotile cells that release chemicals

Answer 33

mast cells

Question 34

two types of loose CT

Answer 34

Adipose | Areolar

Question 35

has extracellular matrix consisting mostly of collagen fiberd and few elastic fibers

Answer 35

Areolar

Question 36

Tissue consists of adipocytes or fat cells w/c contains large amounts of lipid for energy storage

Answer 36

Adipose

Question 37

large number of protein fibers that form thick bundles and fill nearly all of the extracellular space

Answer 37

dense CT

Question 38

Types of dense CT

Answer 38

collagenous | elastic

Question 39

3 types of cartilage

Answer 39

Hyaline Fibrocartilage Elastic Cartilage

Question 40

capable of withstanding considerable pressure | -connects structures subjected to great pressure

Answer 40

Fibrocartilage

Question 41

most abundant type of cartilage and has many functions

Answer 41

hyaline

Question 42

to recoil to its original shape when bent

Answer 42

elastic cartilage

Question 43

hard CT that consist of living cells and a mineralized matrix

Answer 43

bone

Question 44

2 types of bones

Answer 44

compact | spongy

Question 45

ability to contract, shorten, making movement possible

Answer 45

muscle tissue

Question 46

muscle of the heart

Answer 46

muscle of the heart

Question 47

forms walls of hollow organs

Answer 47

smooth muscle

Question 48

forms the brain, spinal cord and nerves

Answer 48

Nervous tissue

Question 49

responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities

Answer 49

Nervous Tissue

Question 50

electrical signals

Answer 50

action potentials

Question 51

responsible for conducting action potentials

Answer 51

neuron

Question 52

contains the nucleus and is the cite of general cell functions

Answer 52

cell body

Question 53

nerve cells process

Answer 53

dendrites | axons

Question 54

receives stimuli

Answer 54

dendrites

Question 55

support cells of the nervous system

Answer 55

neuroglia

Question 56

consists of various kinds of epi resting on a thick layer of loose CT

Answer 56

mucuous membrane

Question 57

consists of simple squamous epi resting on delicate layer of loose CT

Answer 57

serous membrane

Question 58

what part: pleural

Answer 58

lungs

Question 59

part: pericardial

Answer 59

heart

Question 60

part: abdominopelvic cavity

Answer 60

peritoneal

Question 61

refers to the inflammation of the pericardial membranes and peritoneal

Answer 61

pericarditis | peritonitis

Question 62

inflammation of the pleural membranes

Answer 62

pleurisy

Question 63

line the inside of joint cavities

Answer 63

synovial membranes

Question 64

occurs when tissues are damaged

Answer 64

inflammation