Chapter 47 : Eye And Ear Disorders

Question 1

What is fluorsecin?

Answer 1

A diagnostic stain that is a bright yellowish orange dye that we use to stain the tears of the eye to look for any abnormalities

Question 2

What else do we use to see the strain?

Answer 2

Black lamp

Question 3

When patients have contacts, they should take it out, however how long should it be until they put it back in?

Answer 3

1 hour

Question 4

Before we use the stain, we normally use what?

And why?

Answer 4

A topical anesthetic

Because the stain can sting the injury

Question 5

Corneal anesthetia achieved within ___seconds and last only about ___

Answer 5

15 seconds

15mins

Question 6

How do you know the topical anesthetic is working?

Answer 6

If the patient is not blinking

Question 7

Anti-infectives

Conjunctivitis
Blepharitis
Chalazion
Endophthalmitis
Hordeolum
Infectious keratitis
Infectious uveitis

Question 8

What are your antiinflammatories for your eyes medication? (3)

Answer 8

Cyclosporine
Ophthalmic NSAIDS
( diclofenac, ketorolac)
Corticosteroids (prednisolone)

Question 9

Cyclosporine is your immune suppressant
- though it can be used for specific eye conditions

Question 10

Why might we use anti-allergy medications?

What is the downside of this

Answer 10

Antihistamines - treat the allergy

burning and staining are common short lived side effects

Question 11

What is the medication of ophthalmic decongestant? (3)

Answer 11

Phenylephrine
Naphazoline
Tetrahydrozoline

Question 12

What is ophthalmic decongestant contraindication?

Answer 12

Glaucoma

Question 13

Why is lubricants used for?

Answer 13

Dry eyes

Question 14

What is your prostaglandin analogues used for?

Answer 14

Used for glaucoma and ocular hypertension

Question 15

What is your medication names for prostaglandins analogues?

Answer 15

Bimatoprost
Latanoprost
Tafluprost
Travoprost

Question 16

What is your biggest side effect to know about prostaglandin analogues?

Answer 16

Changes iris color

Question 17

What is cholinergic agents used for?

Medication?

Answer 17

Improve outflow of aqueous humor

Pilocarpine
Echothiophate

Question 18

What are your 2 big cholinergic agents side effects?

Answer 18

Retinal detachment
Cardiac irregularities

Question 19

What does beta blockers do for the eyes?

Side effects?

Answer 19

Reduce IOP by treating glaucoma

Eye discomfort, miosis, bronchoconstriction, bradycardia, heart failure

Question 20

What’s something you wanna teach a patient about eye drops?

Answer 20

Block the lacrimal duct, tear duct, to side closest to their nose, when putting medications

And 1 min after the drop to help avoid systemic effects

Question 21

Alpha adrenergic blocks side effects? (2)

Contraindications?

Answer 21

Corneal erosion
Dysrthymia

MAOI

Question 22

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors side effects? (3)

Mainly watch out with people with?

Answer 22

Hyperuricemia
Paresthesia
Decreased appetite

Gout & seizures

Question 23

What’s a baseline of glaucoma?

Answer 23

Baseline of vision

Question 24

Never stop taking your glaucoma meds suddenly why?

Answer 24

Because they can end up with an ocular hypertension rebound

Question 25

What are the 2 medications that will dilate pupils? And why do we use these (2)

Answer 25

Mydriatics Cycloplegics Surgery & eye exams

Question 26

Mydriatics & Cycloplegics side effects? (5)

Answer 26

Photophobia Constipation IOP Respiratory depression Muscle rigidity

Question 27

What is your basic otitis media medications? (3)

Answer 27

Amoxicillin Azithromycin Clarithromycin

Question 28

What are your basic otitis externa (swimmer ear)?

Answer 28

Neomycin Polymyxcin B Fluroquinolones Usually drops

Question 29

Otitis media - take all the medications even if symptoms are gone - weight and age of the child

Question 30

What’s your problem with otitis external side effects? (4)

Answer 30

Ototoxicity Bone marrow suppression Burning & stinging Superinfection

Question 31

Odic drops are ? Ophthalmic drops are ?

Answer 31

Ears Eyes

Question 32

To make sure the ear drops stay in the ear what do we use?

Answer 32

Wick

Question 33

Normally with Otisis external We like to do what? Why?

Answer 33

Cultural - bacterial or fungal

Question 34

Practice question 1 The nurse is showing the parent of a 2-year old child how to administer ear drops. Which are the correct statements Select all that apply A. Pull down on auricle B. Pull up on auricle C. Position child head with affected ear up D. Position child head with affected ear down E. Warm the eardrop in the microwave prior to administration

Answer 34

A. Pull down on auricle C. Position child head with affected ear up

Question 35

Practice question 2 Pilocarpine has which action on the eye? A. Miosis B. Mydriasis C. Ciliary muscle paralysis D. Pupillary dilation

Answer 35

A. Miosis

Question 36

Practice question 3 Which is the most common side effect / adverse reaction associated with prostaglandin analogues for the treatment of glaucoma ? A. Hypokalemia B. Renal calculi C. Change color of iris D. Postural hypotension

Answer 36

C. Change color of iris