Chapter 5

Question 1

WHY DO YOU THINK IS IT IMPORTANT FOR US STUDENT NURSES TO STUDY
THE LESSONS DISCUSSED? FROM HUMAN ORGANISM TO SKELETAL SYSTEM.
EXPLAIN CONCRETELY AND PRECISELY. GIVE AN EXAMPLE.

Answer 1

.

Question 2

DEFINE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

Answer 2

Integumentary system is the largest organ of the body that forms a physical
barrier between the external environment and the internal environment that it serves to
protect and maintain.

Question 3

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF EPIDERMIS?

Answer 3

The primary function of the epidermis is to protect your body by keeping things that
might be harmful out and keeping the things your body needs to function properly in.

Question 4

WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF MELANIN TO THE SKIN?

Answer 4

Melanin is the group of pigments primarily responsible for skin color. It provides
the skin protection against ultraviolet light from the sun.

Question 5

WHAT AREA OF THE SKIN STRUCTURE IS RESPONSIBLE FOR “GOOSE BUMP”
FORMATION OF THE SKIN?

Answer 5

Arrector Pili Muscle

Question 6

ENUMERATE THE FIVE LAYERS OF THE EPIDERMIS OR ALSO CALLED THE FIVE
STRATA.

Answer 6

Stratum basale, Stratum spinosum, Stratum granulosum, Stratum Lucidum, and
Stratum corneum

Question 7

EFFECTS OF AGING ON THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM.

Answer 7

blood flow to the skin is reduced, the skin becomes thinner, and elasticity is lost.

Question 8

MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

Answer 8

protection, sensation, vitamin D protection, temperature regulation, and
excretion

Question 9

WHAT ARE THE TWO LAYERS OF THE SKIN?

Answer 9

Epidermis
Dermis

Question 10

People with albinism have a defect in tyrosinase, an oxidase that helps to control skin
pigment production. In what epidermal layer is tyrosinase active?

Answer 10

Stratum basale

Question 11

It is located in the dermis, are simple or compound alveolar glands to produce sebum
and oily, white substance rich in lipids?

Answer 11

Sebaceous glands

Question 12

It is a small part of the nail matrix that can be seen through the nail body as a whitish,
crescent-shaped area at the base of the nail.

Answer 12

Lunula

Question 13

Major source of energy of the body’s cell.

Answer 13

Glucose

Question 14

Name the types of skin cancer.

Answer 14

Basal Cell Carcinoma
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Malignant Melanoma

Question 15

What is the normal body temperature of human being?

Answer 15

37°c ( 98.6°F)

Question 16

Does the largest organ in the body, “skin,” which oversees the entire integumentary
system have any significance? Why?

Answer 16

The skin is regarded as the largest organ of the complete body because it is the
largest organ that is external to the body’s systems. That raises the question of how
significant the skin is as the greatest organ. The answer is a resounding YES since it
guards the body against illnesses and harsh temperatures, keeps fluid levels in check,
synthesizes vitamin D, and gives us the ability to feel or touch things.

Question 17

What do you call a gland that is a highly evolved and specialized organ present in pairs,
one on each side of the anterior wall?

Answer 17

Mammary gland

Question 18

NAME THE COMPONENTS OF THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM.

Answer 18

skin
subcutaneous tissue
hair
glands
nails

Question 19

What structures contains connective tissue, blood vessels and nerves?

Answer 19

Papillary and reticular dermis

Question 20

It is composed of dense collagenous connective tissue containing fibroblasts,
adipocytes, and macrophages.

Answer 20

Dermis

Question 21

Explain how the integumentary system can be used as a diagnostic aid.

Answer 21

The integumentary system is useful in diagnosis because it is observed easily and often reflects
events occuring in other parts of the body.

Question 22

What does integument mean?

Answer 22

Covering

Question 23

What is the difference between dermis and epidermis?

Answer 23

Themain differencebetween dermis and epidermis is thatdermis is a tissue below the epidermis, containing living cells whereas epidermis is the outermost part of the body, protecting it from dehydration, trauma, and infections.

Question 24

What are the 2 major types of sweat glands?

Answer 24

Eccrine or merocrine sweat glands and Apocrine sweat glands

Question 25

Which gland of the skin are responsible for cooling the body?

Answer 25

Sweat gland

Question 26

What is the main role of the two-top layer of the skin?

Answer 26

The epidermis serves as a waterproof barrier and is responsible for skin tone. The dermis is the layer of skin beneath the epidermis that contains tough connective tissue, hair follicles, and sweat glands.

Question 27

People with albinism have a defect in tyrosinase, an oxidase that helps to control skin pigment production. In what epidermal layer is tyrosinase active?

Answer 27

Stratum basale

Question 28

Given this characteristics: epidermis and dermis destroyed, painless, also called "full thickness burn" and much scar tissue formed, what do you call for the type of burn that is described by the given characteristics?

Answer 28

Third-degree burn

Question 29

What is hair papilla?

Answer 29

It is an extension of the dermis that protrudes into the hair bulb.

Question 30

Describe what happens during keratinization.

Answer 30

In keratinization, newly formed cells in the basal layers experience a developmental process as it is pushed to the surface. With the relocation of cells, they tend to build up keratin. Simultaneously, the nucleus, cytoplasm, and other organelles vanish and the cells die.

Question 31

State the layers of the skin from most superficial to most deep.

Answer 31

-STRATUM CORNEUM -STRATUM LUCIDUM -STRATUM GRANULOSUM -STRATUM SPINOSUM -STRATUM BASALE

Question 32

During this phase, the hair follicle is completely at rest and the club hair is completely formed. What do you call this phase?

Answer 32

Telogen (Resting phase)

Question 33

What is the difference between First- degree burn, Second- degree burn and Third-degree burn?

Answer 33

First-degree burns are red and painful. They swell a little and turn white when you press on them. The skin over the burn may peel off in a day or two. This is the least severe type of burn, affecting only the outer layer of skin. Second-degree burns have blisters and are painful. They affect both the outer and thicker middle layer of skin. Third-degree burns cause damage to all layers of the skin. The burned skin looks white or charred. These burns may cause little or no pain if nerves are damaged.

Question 34

True or False. It is possible for a woman to have stretch marks on her abdomen without having experience in pregnancy.

Answer 34

TRUE

Question 35

The papillary and reticular layers of the dermis are composed mainly of ________.

Answer 35

It is composed of Loose Connective tissue (LCT) and is highly vascular. The reticular dermis shows thick collagen bundles and forms the bulk of the dermal layer.