Chapter 5

Question 1

Deviance

Answer 1

Behaviors and beliefs that violate social expectations/ attracts negative sanctions

Question 2

Howard Becker

Answer 2

Wrote “Becoming a Marihuana User”, First article (scientific) about the plant, deviant but still useful and not considered a crazy person like a less credible person would be

Question 3

What occurred on Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571?

Answer 3

Cannibalism, and it was not taboo in this circumstance/ environment

Question 4

1. Stigmatization

Answer 4

Traits/ social conditions become devalued

Question 5

2. Criminalization

Answer 5

Trait defined criminal

Question 6

Medicalization

Answer 6

Traits defined as illness

Question 7

Strain theory

Answer 7

Deviance caused by tension between widely valued goals and ability to attain them

Question 8

Differential association theory

Answer 8

The idea that we need to be recruited into and taught criminal ways (by our social networks)

Question 9

Social disorganization theory

Answer 9

Deviance common in dysfunctional neighborhoods

Question 10

Concentrated poverty

Answer 10

40% or more residents are below the federal poverty line

Question 11

Neutralization theory

Answer 11

Deviance facilitated by the development of cultural resonant rationals for rule breaking

Question 12

Rationalization 1: Denial of responsibility

Answer 12

Claim that rule breaking is outside of a rule breakers control

Question 13

Rationalization 2: Denial of Injury

Answer 13

A claim that the rule breaking is allowed because no one is harmed

Question 14

Rationalization 3: Denial of victim

Answer 14

A claim that any harm that comes is deserved

Question 15

Rationalization 4: Condemnation of the condemners

Answer 15

A rejection of a critics moral authority to judge the rule breaker

Question 16

Rationalization 5: Appeal to higher loyalties

Answer 16

The claim that the rule breaking is justified in pursuit for greater good

Question 17

Labeling

Answer 17

Assigning a decent identity to an individual

Question 18

Labeling Theory

Answer 18

How labels appleid to individuals affect behavior

Question 19

Primary Deviance

Answer 19

Instance that 1st attracts deviant label

Question 20

Secondary Deviance

Answer 20

Further instances due to effects of label

Question 21

Structural Functionalism

Answer 21

Society is a system of necessary, synchronized parts and work together

Question 22

Collective Conscious

Answer 22

Societies shared understanding of right and wrong

Question 23

Anomie

Answer 23

Widespread normalness/ no social rules

Question 24

Conflict Theory

Answer 24

Societies characterized by competing interests

Question 25

Social inequality

Answer 25

Conditions of wealth, power, etc. are more available with privileged social identities

Question 26

Survey

Answer 26

Research method with questionnaire

Question 27

Sample

Answer 27

Subset of population for data

Question 28

Generalizable

Answer 28

Applicable data to whole population from which data drawn

Question 29

Social Inequality

Answer 29

Wealth and power available to privileged (this is an example)

Question 30

Historical Socialization

Answer 30

Research method for getting data that reveals facts about past events