Chapter 5

Question 1

What is the ability to do work and change matter?

Answer 1

energy

Question 2

What is the SI unit of work and energy, equal to the work done in moving an object a distance of 1m by pushing it with a force of 1N?

Answer 2

joule (J)

Question 3

What is the energy of motion?

Answer 3

kinetic energy

Question 4

What is the energy associated with the position of an object and forces acting upon it?

Answer 4

potential energy

Question 5

What is energy from motion of forces that affect a whole object?

Answer 5

mechanical energy

Question 6

What is the law stating that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transferred?

Answer 6

law of conservation of energy

Question 7

What is the principle stating that mass and energy can be considered two different ways of measuring the same physical properties?

Answer 7

mass-energy equivalence

Question 8

What is the law stating that the sum of mass and energy is constant?

Answer 8

law of conservation of mass and energy

Question 9

What is the energy of an entire object moving?

Answer 9

whole-body kinetic energy

Question 10

What is the whole-body kinetic energy caused by translational motion?

Answer 10

translational kinetic energy

Question 11

What is motion in which an object spins or rolls around and internal axis?

Answer 11

rotational motion

Question 12

What is kinetic energy caused by rotational motion?

Answer 12

rotational kinetic energy

Question 13

What are four factors that affect kinetic energy?

Answer 13

mass, speed, size, and shape

Question 14

What is internal energy that an object has because of the random motions of its individual particles?

Answer 14

thermal energy

Question 15

What is energy caused by a disturbance moving through a substance?

Answer 15

wave energy

Question 16

What are any of the four natural forces that cause potential energy?

Answer 16

fundamental force

Question 17

What are the four fundamental forces?

Answer 17

gravitational force, weak nuclear force, electromagnetic force, strong nuclear force

Question 18

What is the attractive force between all material forces?

Answer 18

gravitational force

Question 19

What is a model that represents the direction and strength of a body’s gravity at every point in space?

Answer 19

gravitational field

Question 20

What is the potential energy that an object gains from the work used t move it against a gravitational field?

Answer 20

gravitational potential energy

Question 21

What is the force that affects certain subatomic particles, is stronger than the gravitational force, and is weaker than the electromagnetic force?

Answer 21

weak nuclear force

Question 22

What is the second-strongest force that affects only objects with an electric charge, it includes electricity and momentum?

Answer 22

electromagnetic force

Question 23

What is electromagnetic potential energy that a stationary charged object has from the work needed to move it thorough another stationary object?

Answer 23

electric potential energy

Question 24

What has electromagnetic potential energy caused by interfering magnetic fields?

Answer 24

magnetic potential energy

Question 25

What is energy resulting from the chemical combination of atoms into molecules?

Answer 25

chemical energy

Question 26

What is potential energy caused by restorative forces?

Answer 26

elastic potential energy

Question 27

What force binds subatomic particles together to form the nucleus of an atom?

Answer 27

strong nuclear force

Question 28

What is potential energy caused by the strong nuclear force?

Answer 28

nuclear potential force