Chapter 5

Question 1

What are all the layers in the skin?

Answer 1

1. Stratum Corneum
2. Stratum Lucidum *only in think skin
3. Stratum Granulosome
4. Stratum Spinulosome
5. Stratum Basale

Question 2

Name the whole skin layers.

Answer 2

1. Stratum Corneum
2. Stratum Lucidum *only in think skin
3. Stratum Granulosome
4. Stratum Spinulosome
5. Stratum Basale
6. Papillary Layer
7. Reticular Layer
8. Hypodermis

Question 3

What makes bone and cartilage (supportive CT) different from other CT ?

Answer 3

ECM. ECM is produced by the cells. (ECM= ground substance + fibers)

Question 4

What are the appendages of the skin?

Answer 4

• Hair (living)
• Hair (non-living)
• Sebaceous Glands
• Sweat Glands”Sudoriferous glands) (2 types= eccrine and apocrine)
• Nails

Question 5

Define the hair (living) appendage.

Answer 5

• Epithelial tooth sheath surrounds the root
• Surrounded by peripheral CT (fibrous) sheath (derived from dermis)
• Bulb : expanded part of hair follicle

Question 6

Define the hair (non-living appendage

Answer 6

• hair is dead, keratinized cells
• chief parts of a hair :
  shaft - above skins surface
  root - embedded into the skin
• 3 concentric layers : medulla, cortex, cuticle

Question 7

What are the 3 concentric layers of the hair (non-living) appendage?

Answer 7

• medulla
• cortex
  -cuticle

Question 8

Define the sebaceous glands appendage.

Answer 8

• Most are hair follicles associated
• absent in feet soles and hand palms
• secretes oily product
• stimulated by hormones
• Holocene secretion - cells fill until burst

Question 9

What are the 2 types of sweat glands?

Answer 9

1. Eccrine
   - most numberous
   - “true sweat”
2. Apocrine
   - fat and protein substances added, larger and associated with hair follicles

Question 10

Define the nail appendage.

Answer 10

Nail Plate
- free edge (body)
- nail body( pink due to underlying dermis)
- hair root (proximal) - embedded
- Lunule : thickened epithelium
Eponchium : cuticle
Nail Matrix : dividing epithelium

Question 11

What are the 3 skin cancers?

Answer 11

1. Basale Cell Carcinoma
2. Squamous Cell Carcinoma
3. Melanoma (2%)

Question 12

Define Basale Cell Carcinoma.

Answer 12

• least malignant
• stratum basale affected ; invades dermis
• ulcerated ,pearly edge

Question 13

Define Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Answer 13

• stratum spinosum
• scaly, irregular, reddened papule
• surgery, creams, infection

Question 14

Define Melanoma.

Answer 14

• malignant
• melanocytes
• resistant to treatment
• if > 6mm diameter, survival is not likely

Question 15

What are the threats of burns?

Answer 15

-Fluid loss/Prevention

Question 16

What is the severity of burns?

Answer 16

Partial Thickness = 1st & 2nd degree
Full Thickness = 3rd degree

1st degree = dermis
2nd degree = dermis + epidermis
3rd degree = hypodermis