Chapter 5 Flashcards
(16 cards)
What are all membranes in living cells made of?
A phospholipid bilayer made of two phospholipid sheets
What is the phospholipid bilayer primarily made of?
glycerol phospholipids and sphingolipids(animal cells)
What does Amphipathic mean?
having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic parts
Phospholipid Bilayer is made of … (structure)
phospholipids with hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails
What are transmembrane proteins?
Proteins that span from one side of a cell membrane to another
What are integral proteins
Proteins that float freely in lipid bilayer
Interior Network Proteins?
Proteins that structurally re-enforce the membranes shape
What are Cell-Surface Markers?
Proteins and lipids partially embedded in the membrane that act as recognition markers for the cell
What affects fluidity of a membrane?
The ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids and temperature
What holds the 2 bilayers of the membrane together?
Hydrogen bonding of water (polar heads of phospholipids bind to water)
What are the differnt types of membrane proteins?
Transporters, Enzymes, cell-surface receptors, cell-surface identity markers, cell-to-cell adhesion proteins, attachments to cytoskeleton
What are transmembrane domains?
each membrane spanning region of a protein
What is passive transport?
-does not require energy
-simple diffusion
-high concentration to low concentration
-with concentration gradient
Is a membranes core hydrophoic or hydrophilic?
Hydrophobic
-polar molecules can’t diffuse across
-small non-polar molecules can diffuse
What is facilitated diffusion?
Diffusion with the help of a protein for substances that can’t diffuse themselves
-channel proteins and carrier proteins
What are channel proteins
