chapter 5

Question 1

before conditioning

Answer 1

the first stage of classical conditioning, no learning has occured
- ucs produces ucr, ns produces no significant response

Question 2

during conditioning

Answer 2

the second stage of classical conditioning, learning occurs through aquisition
- ucs is repeatedly pairing immediately before the ns producing ucr

Question 3

after conditioning

Answer 3

final stage of classical conditioning
- ns turns into cs producing cr

Question 4

learning

Answer 4

process of aquiring knowledge or skills resulting from experience

Question 5

behaviorist approach

Answer 5

classical or operant conditioning

Question 6

operant conditioning

Answer 6

A learning process in which the likelihood of a voluntary behaviour occurring is determined by its consequence

Question 7

antecedent

Answer 7

any environmental stimulus that triggers an action

Question 8

behaviour

Answer 8

any action

Question 9

reinforcement

Answer 9

a stimulus that increases the likelyhood of a response occuring in the future

Question 10

positive reinforcement

Answer 10

a behaviour followed by adding a desirable stimulus, increasing the likelihood of the behaviour occuring again

Question 11

negative reinforcement

Answer 11

a behaviour is followed by the removal of an undesireable stimulus, increasing likelihood of behaviour occuring again

Question 12

punishment

Answer 12

Giving an undesirable stimulus making it less likely to be repeated in the future

Question 13

positive punishment

Answer 13

adding an undesireable stimulus, decreasing the likelihood of the behaviour occuring again

Question 14

negative punishment

Answer 14

a behaviour is followed by the removal of a desirable stimulus, decreasing the liklihood of the behaviout occuring again

Question 15

observational learning

Answer 15

actively watching the behvaiour of model and the associated consquence of that behaviour

Question 16

stages of observational learning

Answer 16

attention, retention, reproduction, motivation, reinforcement

Question 17

attention

Answer 17

the learner must actively watch the model
-similarities, familiarities: eg: age, sex

Question 18

retention

Answer 18

learner storing mental representation of the behaviour over a period of time

Question 19

reproduction

Answer 19

A learner must have the physical and cognitive skills necessary to replicate the behaviour of the model

Question 20

motivation

Answer 20

The learner must be motivated to perform the behaviour