Chapter 5 Flashcards
(42 cards)
Consciousness
Awareness of internal and external stimuli
Stream of Consciousness was named by
Functionalist William James
Who argued that the stream of consciousness has depth?
Sigmund Freud
EEG
device that monitors the electrical activity of the brain over time by attaching recording electrodes to the scalp
What brain waves are engaged if you are alertly thinking
beta waves
what brain waves are engaged if you are relaxed and resting
alpha waves
what brain waves are engaged when you are dreaming
delta waves
what brain waves are engaged in light sleep
theta waves
biological rhythms
periodic fluctuations in physiological functioning that serve as “biological clocks”
Circadian rhythms
24 hr biological cycles found in humans and many other species which regulate sleep , blood pressure, urine cycle, hormones and affect alertness memory and cognitive performance
EMG
records muscular activity and tension
How does exposure to light affect circadian rhythms
receptors in the retina send direct inputs to a small structure in the hypothalamus called the SCN which sends signals to the pineal gland which secretes melatonin
EOG
records eye movements
Stage 1 of sleep
First 10 to 12 minutes; alpha waves give way to theta waves
Stage 2 of sleep
10 to 12 more minutes; sleep spindles occur
SWS
Sleep stages 3 and 4 where delta waves become prominent
REM Sleep
Deep deep sleep with beta waves where theres rapid eye motiom, where ppl dream
How many times is the NREM and REM cycle repeated typically throughout the night
4; progressively NREM get shorter while REM gets longer
Newborns sleep how many hrs in the day?
16; 50% is REM
Ascending Reticular Activating System
consists of the incoming nerve fibers running through the reticular formation that influence physiological arousal to the cortex
Why is REM sleep so important?
Memory Consolidation
neurogenesis
formation of new neurons; fostered by REM sleep
Sleep Apnea
frequent, reflexive gasping for air that awakens a person and disrupts sleep
Nightmares
anxiety arousing dreams that lead to awakening, usually from REM sleep
