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Maternal PNR > chapter 5 > Flashcards

chapter 5 Flashcards

(45 cards)

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0
Q

Hepatitis b

A

Given within 12 hrs of birth

IM

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1
Q

Vitamin k

A

Newborns cannot produce vit k at birth
(clotting factor)
IM vitamin k within 1 hr after birth.

Normal produce vit k by day 8

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2
Q

Ophthalmic ointment

A

Given within 1 hr
Prevent inflammation from gonorrhea or chlamydial
*opthalmia neonatorum

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3
Q

Umbilical cord care

A

Clean and dry
Fold diaper away from cord
Inspect for s &s of infection
No tub baths till stump falls off (usually 1 week)

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4
Q

Thermogenesis

A

Production of heat through metabolism, muscle activity and non shivering thermogenesis

Increased metabolic rate
Crying muscle movement
Metabolism of brown fat

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5
Q

Brown fat

A

Found only in newborns
Starts 26-30 weeks gestation to 2-5 weeks of life

Located: back of neck, between scapula, around kidneys and adrenals, in Axilla, around heart and abdominal aorta

Cold be depleted by cold stress

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6
Q

Cold stress effects

A 
Increased oxygen need
Respiratory distress
Surfactant production decreased
Hypoglycemia
Metabolic acidosis
Jaundice
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7
Q

Heat retention

A

Infant stays in flexed position

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8
Q

Cold stress

A

Excessive heat loss

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9
Q

Conduction

A

Loss of heat by direct contact with cooler object

Stethoscope, hands

*warm objects before touching infant

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10
Q

Convection

A

Loss of air by movement

Air conditioning, open door or window, vents

** use radiant warmer, blankets, and hat on head

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11
Q

Evaporation

A

Water is changed to vapor

Wet body of infant at birth
Bath

Immediately dry newborn

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12
Q

Radiation

A

Loss of heat by transfer to cooler objects
Infant near cold window, or cold incubator

Keep crib away from cold windows

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13
Q

Neutral thermal environment

A

Maintain internal body temp with minimal oxygen and metabolism
Can focus on growth and development

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14
Q

Normal newborn weight

A

5 lb 8 oz - 8 lb 13 oz
(2500g- 4000g)

Lose 5-10% of body weight in first 2-3 days.
Regains by day 10

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15
Q

Normal newborn length

A

Head to heel
48 cm- 53 cm
(19 in- 21in)

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16
Q

Axillary temp

A

Continuous skin probe

97.6-98.9

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17
Q

Skin temp

A

96.8-97.6

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18
Q

Rectal temp

19
Q

Newborn heart rate

Study These Flashcards
A

120-160 bpm
Sleeping decreases
Crying increases

20
Q

Respiration’s

Study These Flashcards
A

30-60 breaths/min

Sleep decreases and crying increases

21
Q

Blood pressure

Study These Flashcards
A

40-45

By 10 days 100/50

Activity and crying will increase

22
Q

Head circumference

Study These Flashcards
A

33 cm-35 cm
13-14 in

Measured above eyebrows

23
Q

Anterior fontanelle

Study These Flashcards
A

Largest
Diamond shape
Closes by 18 months

24
Posterior fontanelle
Triangular shape loses 2 months after birth
25
Chest circumference
30.5 to 33 cm 12-13 in Directly over the nipple line Chest is 2-3 cm smaller then head
26
Jaundice: normal variation
After 24 hrs of life, related to normal destruction of excess RBCs Liver can't breakdown all bilirubin Peaks at 72 hrs Goes away in a few weeks
27
Ecchymosis
Ares if bruising after intense delivery | Petechiae
28
Milia
White pinhead size distended sebaceous glands On cheeks, nose, chin Maybe on trunk After few weeks of bathing, will disappear
29
Erythema toxicum neonatorum
``` Pink rash with from yellow-white pustules On chest, and, back and buttocks Unknown cause May appear 24-48 hrs after birth Disappear in a few days without tx ```
30
Nevus flammeus
(port wine stain) Large reddish purple birthmark On face or neck Does not blanch with pressure Not raised above skin May lighten with laser to
31
Telangiectasia nevi
``` Stork bites Birthmarks of dilated capillaries Blanch with pressure May be on eyelids, nose, occipital area, or nape of neck Fades between 1-2 years of age ```
32
Nevus vascularis
Strawberry mark Birthmark of enlarged superficial blood vessels Elevated, red, variable size and shape Head, face, neck, arms Disappear by school age
33
Education to parents with newborn skin variations
Help understand that several are common and will often disappear over time without interventions
34
Mongolian spots
``` Darkened areas (deep blue) of coloration Sacral region at birth ``` Usually seen in African, Asian, American Indian, Hispanic, and southern Europeans
35
Caput succedaneum
Edema of newborns scalp May cross suture lines Caused by head compression in cervix Disappears in 2-3 days/ no tx needed
36
Cephalhemotoma
Collects of blood between periosteum and skull Appears several hrs after birth Does not cross suture lines UNILATERAL Caused by rupturing of veins due to friction and pressure in delivery Largest 2nd and 3rd day Spontaneously absorbs 3-6 weeks
37
Epsteins pearls
Small whitish-yellow epithelial cysts on hard palate | Disappear in few weeks
38
Strabismus
Common variation in newborn Poor muscle control Disappears in 3-4 months
39
Sum conjunctival hemorrhage
Caused by changes in ocular pressure during birth No vision changes Lasts for a few weeks
40
Mouth
Precocious teeth maybe present, remove if loose
41
Chest
Newborn common variations Engorged breasts: result of maternal hormones 3rd day up to 2 weeks May secrete "withes milk" (whitish fluid). Only in full term infants
42
Female genialita
Psuedomenstration: blood tinged mucous drainage 1st week after birth Caused by withdrawal of maternal hormones Vaginal tag may be present Disappears in few weeks
43
Male genitalia
Hypospadias: urinary meatus underside of penis Phimosis: opening of foreskin is so small in can't retract back over glans Cryptorchidism: failure of one or both testes to descend Hydrocele: fluid around testes in scrotum (usually disappears) Epispadias: urinary meatus on top of penis
44
Extremities
Syndactyl: fusion of fingers or toes Hallux varus: great toe farther from other toes Polydactyl: born with extra fingers/toes

Maternal PNR (4 decks)

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