unit 7 Flashcards
(30 cards)
Otitis media cause
Short eustachian tubes
Streptococcus
Haemophilis influenza
Otitis media
Inflammation of middle ear
Uni or bilateral
Follows upper respiratory system
Otitis media symptoms
Rapid and abrupt Irritability Pulling of infected ear Diarrhea Vomiting Fever Hearing lose (prolonged)
Ear drum: red bulging non mobile
Otitis media TX
Relieve pain ( ibuprofen or Tylenol) Analgesics (ice or heat packs) Lie on affected side Liquids and soft foods Antibiotics: amoxicillin 80-90 mg/kg/day for 10 days
Myringotomy may be performed with tympanoplasty
Laryngotracheobronchitis
Viral illness causing swelling or upper airway (narrowing)
Type of croup
Laryngotracheobronchitis symptoms
Strider (high pitched) Barking cough Hoarseness Persistent low grade fever Profuse nasal drainage
Laryngotracheobronchitits TX
Bronchodilators
Corticosteroids
Sedatives
High humidity in cool environment
No red drinks
Look for S&S of respiratory distress
Laryngotracheobronchitis TX in hospital
Mist hood or tent with oxygen Resp > 60 or child refuses oral fluids----start IV Keep linens and clothes dry Semi reclined position Satuartions >95 %
***no throat procedures
Pneumonia
Inflammation of bronchioles and alveoli spaces
Follow URI
Caused by RSV
Pneumonia symptoms
Abrupt on set of fever Flaring nostrils Circumpolar cyanosis (blue at mouth) Chest retractions NP cough Increased pulse (140-180) Increased RR (60-80)
Pneumonia TX
Oxygen cool mist tent Chest physiotherapy Postural drainage Hydration Antipyretics Antibiotics (if bacterial)
Pneumonia management
Asses lung sounds, respiratory status I and O Skin turgor and fontanel Bulb syringe before feelings and PRN Change positions frequently
***look for central pinkness
RDS
Respiratory distress syndrome
Most often in preterm infants
RDS symptoms
Tachypnea (70-120) Retractions Grunting Crackles Pallor Cyanosis Hypothermia Edema Flaccid muscle tone Shut down Jaundice Acidosis
RDS complications
Intraventricular hemorrhage
Bronchopulmonary dysphasia
Necrotizing entercolotis
RDS TX
Surfactant through ET tube
CPAP- keeps lungs part expanded till day 5 and surfactant is produced
Celestone to mom before delivery
Monitor RR
Decreases stimulation
If on oxygen hood or ventilator— place under warmer
Cystic fibrosis
Genetic dysfunction of exocrine glads
Both parents must be carriers
Affects lungs, pancreas, liver, reproductive organs
Show S&S by 1 year
Cystic Fibrosis symptoms
Meconium ileus (early manifestation) Increased viscosity of music gland secretions Abnormalities in nervous system function Intussesception Sticky thick stools Rectal prolapse Problems gaining maintains weight Barrell chest/ clubbed fingers Low fertility/ sterile Salty taste on skin Pulmonary problems
Cystic fibrosis TX
Conformed by sweat chloride test (>60 meq/l of chloride is +) Aerosol tx Antibiotics Pancreatic enzymes (meals and snacks) VX- still under research
Cystic fibrous management
Well balanced high calorie diet Monitor lungs/ cough Monitor GI status Monitor wt and growth developmental Oxygen Physical activity encouraged Educate
SIDS
Sudden infant death syndrome
No reason for death but could be cause by airway obstruction, abnormal cardio respiratory control, and hyperactive airway
1-mo to 30 months of age
SIDS presentation
Huddled in corner or covers on head Frothy blood tinged fluids fill mouth or nose Lying in secretions Diaper wet/full of stool Hands clenched
Indications of normal functioning heart
Warm skin Pink membranes Easily palates pulses Symmetrical chest High activity tolerances Normal growth and development Lubb/dubb Apical same as radial HR: increases with inspiration, decreases with expiration
Ventricular septal defect
VSD
Opening between ventricles
Increased respiratory infections
Normal growth/development
Large defect—–CHF
Surgical correction
