Chapter 5 Flashcards
(25 cards)
Threshold limit value (TLV)
The point at which a hazardous material or weapon of mass destruction begins to affect a person
Dehydration
A medical condition that occurs when the body loses more water than it has it takes in
Permissible exposure limit (PEL)
The established standard limit of exposure to a hazardous material based on the maximum time-weighted concentration at which 95% of exposed, healthy adults suffer no adverse effects over a 40-hour workweek
Technical decontamination
The planned and systematic process of reducing contamination from responder PPE to a level that is as low as reasonably achievable
Threshold limit value/time-weighted average (TLV/TWA)
The maximum airborne concentration of a material to which a parson can be exposed for 8 hours, a day 40 hours a week, and not suffer any ill effects
Threshold limit value/ceiling (TLV/C)
The concentration of hazardous material that should not be exceeded because exposure, even for an instant, can cause ill affects to a person
Threshold limit value/short-term exposure limit (TLV/STEL)
The maximum concentration of hazardous material that a person can be exposed to in 15-minute intervals, up to four times a day, with a minimum of one hour between exposures
The lower the TLV/STEL value, the more toxic the substance is
Threshold limit value/skin (TLV/skin)
The concentration at which direct or airborne contact with the material could result in possible and significant exposure from absorption through the skin, mucous membranes, and eyes
Recommended exposure level (REL)
The maximum time-weighted concentration of a material to which 95% of healthy adult adults can be exposed without suffering any adverse effects over a 40-hour workweek
The first response objective is to ______
Ensure your own safety while operating at the scene
After the first response objective, the next is to ______
Address the potential life safety of those persons affected or potentially affected by the incident
Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH)
The atmospheric concentration of any toxic, corrosive, or asphyxiant substance such that it poses an immediate threat to life or could cause irreversible or delayed adverse health effects
What are three identified IDLH atmospheres
Toxic
Flammable
Oxygen deficient
Information obtained from the initial call for help is used to ____
Determine the safest, most effective, and fastest route to the hazardous materials/WMD scene
Response objectives should be:
Measurable
Flexible
Time sensitive
NFPA 1990
Protective Ensembles for Hazardous Materials and CBRN Operations
Removal of potentially contaminated PPE should be done in a
Systematic fashion
Decontamination
The physical and/or chemical process of reducing and preventing the spread and effects of contaminants to people, animals, the environment, or equipment involved at hazardous materials/WMD incidents
Emergency/field expedient decontamination
The process of immediately reducing contamination of people and potentially life-threatening situations with or without the formal establishment of a decontamination corridor
Gross decontamination
The phase of the decontamination process that takes place as soon as possible, and before technical decontamination, within a decontamination corridor, during which significant reduction of the amount of surface contamination is removed with a pre-wash, most often accompanied by mechanical removal of the contaminant or initial rinsing from handheld whose lines emergency showers or other nearby sources of water
Heat exhaustion
A mild form of shock that arises when the circulatory system begins to fail because the body is unable to dissipate excessive heat and becomes overheated
Heat stroke
A severe and potentially fatal condition resulting from the failure of the body’s temperature-regulating capacity caused by exposure to the sun or high temperatures
Mass decontamination
The physical process of reducing a removing surface contaminants from large numbers of victims in potentially life-threatening situations in the fastest time possible
Isolation of the hazard area
The process of identifying a perimeter around a contaminated atmosphere, so that responders and civilians are kept at a safe distance from the relief site
