Chapter 5

Question 1

Order of waves (left to right)

Answer 1

gamma rays,
x-rays, 
ultraviolet, 
infrared, 
radio.

Question 2

all light… (speed)

Answer 2

travels at same speed (300,000 km/s.)

Question 3

what is wavelength?

Answer 3

the distance between adjacent peaks of the electric (and magnetic) field.

Question 4

longer wavelength =

Answer 4

lower frequency

Question 5

shorter frequency =

Answer 5

higher frequency which is dangerous

Question 6

higher frequency equals

Answer 6

higher energy

Question 7

c = (equation)

Answer 7

3.0 x 10^8 m/s

Question 8

Atomic number =

Answer 8

of protons

Question 9

Atomic Mass Number =

Answer 9

of protons + neutrons

Question 10

the nucleus is 100,000 times smaller…

Answer 10

but contains all masses

Question 11

Nucleus contains…

Answer 11

protons(red) and neutral neutrons (grey)

Question 12

isotopes :

Answer 12

same # of protons but different # of neutrons (4He, 3He)

Question 13

Molecules:

Answer 13

consists of two or more atoms (h2o, CO2)

Question 14

how do light and matter interact?

Answer 14

emission
absorption
transmission
reflection or scattering

Question 15

Emission means

Answer 15

to emit light

Question 16

Absorption means

Answer 16

to absorb light

Question 17

Transmission means

Answer 17

to pass light

Question 18

why is a rose red?

Answer 18

it reflects red light

Question 19

each type of atom has a ?

Answer 19

unique set of energy levels

Question 20

each transition corresponds to..

Answer 20

a unique photon energy, frequency, and wavelength

Question 21

when do energy levels for electrons vary? (hydrogen)

Answer 21

from one element to another

Question 22

Downward _________ produce a unique pattern of ________ lines. (Emits a ______ of a specific ______)

Answer 22

transitions, emission

Photon, frequency

Question 23

Lower than red

Answer 23

Infrared. Slow movements

Question 24

Upward transitions produce

Answer 24

A pattern of ABSORPTION lines at the same WAVELENGTH

Question 25

From level 1 to level 2 it needs...

Answer 25

Ultraviolet

Question 26

Amount of nm that can send electron from level 2 to level 4?

Answer 26

486.1 nm

Question 27

Hotter objects emit

Answer 27

More light

Question 28

Hotter objects have

Answer 28

Higher average energy

Question 29

Why is Betelgeuse red?

Answer 29

It's surface is cooler than that of the sun

Question 30

How do we generally measure the Doppler Effect?

Answer 30

From shifts in the wavelengths of spectral lines

Question 31

Doppler shift tells us only about the part of

Answer 31

An objects motion toward or away from us

Question 32

Rotating planet

Answer 32

Gives both red and blue shifted lines

Question 33

How do telescopes help us learn about the universe?

Answer 33

- Telescopes collect more light than our eyes | - telescopes can see more detailed than our eyes

Question 34

More light than our eyes ➡️

Answer 34

Light collecting area

Question 35

More detail than our eyes ➡️

Answer 35

Angular resolution

Question 36

Largest Optical Telescope?

Answer 36

10.4m - Gran Telescopio Canarias (2007)

Question 37

2nd largest optical telescope?

Answer 37

10.2m - South African Large Telescope (2005)

Question 38

3rd largest optical telescope?

Answer 38

10m keck 1, Keck 2 (1993/1996)

Question 39

Diameter of Radio telescope in Puerto Rico?

Answer 39

305 meters

Question 40

Cons of Radio Telescope?

Answer 40

Very limited view, could only see in zenith

Question 41

What emits X-Rays!?

Answer 41

Million degree gas

Question 42

What does the first set of nested mirrors do?

Answer 42

Deflects X-rays to the second set

Question 43

What does the 2nd set do?

Answer 43

Deflects X-rays a second time to the focus point

Question 44

1st reason why we put telescopes into space?

Answer 44

Light pollution (avoid light from human sources)

Question 45

2nd reason why we place telescopes in space

Answer 45

Turbulence causes twinkling which Blurs Images (turbulence is in earths atmosphere)

Question 46

3rd reasons why we put telescopes in space?

Answer 46

Atmosphere absorbs most of EM spectrum, including all UV and Xray and most infrared.

Question 47

What is interferometry?

Answer 47

A technique that allows two or more telescopes to work together TO OBTAIN THE ANGULAR RESOLUTION of a large telescope

Question 48

which is hottest? A) blue star B) red star C) planet that emits only infrared light

Answer 48

A) blue star | Blue stars are hotter than red