Chapter 5, 6a, 6b, Flipped activity quiz

Question 1

Diffusion

Answer 1

Movement from high to low concentration

Question 2

Concentration gradient

Answer 2

difference in concentration of solutes

Question 3

Exergonic reactions

Answer 3

Spontaneous

Question 3

Passive transport:

Answer 3

No energy, molecules move down gradient

Question 4

Osmosis

Answer 4

Diffusion of water

Question 5

Hypertonic

Answer 5

Water moves out, shrinkage

Question 6

Hypotonic

Answer 6

water moves in, swelling

Question 7

Isotonic

Answer 7

freely move in and out

Question 8

Selective channels

Answer 8

Hydrophobic outside, hydrophilic inside

Question 9

Voltage-gated, Lipand-gated, Mechanically-gated are

Answer 9

the three types of channels

Question 10

What is membrane potential?

Answer 10

Difference in charge across membrane

Question 11

Na+ is more concentrated _____ the cell

Answer 11

Outside

Question 12

K+ is more concentrated ______ the cell

Answer 12

Inside

Question 13

Active Transport

Answer 13

requires ATP, against gradient

Question 14

Primary active transport

Answer 14

Exergonic with ATP

Question 15

Secondary active transport

Answer 15

uses electrochemical gradient (pulley)

Question 16

Plasma membrane

Answer 16

Separate cell from environment

Question 17

Eukaryote plasma membrane

Answer 17

multiple compartments

Question 18

Prokaryote plasma membrane

Answer 18

two defined compartments

Question 19

What do cell membranes do?

Answer 19

keep out what’s bad, allow entry of important stuff

Question 20

Cells are surrounded by what type of solutions?

Answer 20

Alkaline (pH greater than 7)

Question 21

The inside of of cells are _____ to keep out alkaline solution

Answer 21

hydrophobic

Question 22

Lipid:

Answer 22

carbon-containing compound; hydrophobic

Question 23

Most important lipids:

Answer 23

Phospholipids, Glycolipids, Fats, Steroids

Question 24

What lipids are made from fatty acids?

Answer 24

Phospholipids and fats

Question 25

What is a fatty acid?

Answer 25

hydrocarbon bonded to carboxyl

Question 26

Are fatty acids amphipathic?

Answer 26

yes

Question 27

What state are saturated lipids?

Answer 27

solid

Question 28

What state are unsaturated lipids?

Answer 28

liquid

Question 29

What are fats composed of?

Answer 29

3 fatty acids + a glycerol bonded to carbonyl

Question 30

Why do fats have so much energy?

Answer 30

Non-polar bonds = high potential energy

Question 31

Composition of phospholipids:

Answer 31

glycerol + 2 fatty acids + head group

Question 32

Are phospholipids amphipathic?

Answer 32

Yes

Question 33

Composition of glycolipids:

Answer 33

two fatty acids and sugars

Question 34

Describe steroid structure

Answer 34

bulky 4 ring structure

Question 35

What is it when everything can't go through the lipid bilayer

Answer 35

selective permeability

Question 36

What increases fluidity

Answer 36

Increased temperature

Question 37

Short and unsaturated tails have what permeability?

Answer 37

higher

Question 38

Long and saturated tails have what permeability?

Answer 38

lower

Question 39

What are the 3 main functions of carbohydrates?

Answer 39

cell structure, cell identity, energy storage

Question 40

Monosaccharide formula

Answer 40

(C H2 O)n

Question 41

Carbonyl group in the middle of a monosaccharide

Answer 41

ketose

Question 42

Carbonyl at end of monosaccharide

Answer 42

Aldose

Question 43

Sugars with 5 or more carbons exist as...

Answer 43

ring when placed in water

Question 44

What type of sugar is lactose

Answer 44

Disaccharide

Question 45

Energy is stored as...

Answer 45

starch and glycogen

Question 46

Plants store energy as

Answer 46

starch

Question 47

Animals store energy as

Answer 47

glycogen

Question 48

Cellulose is an almost _____ bond

Answer 48

unbreakable

Question 50

Bacteria use what to support cell walls?

Answer 50

peptidoglycan

Question 51

Glycoporteins and Glycolipids are key molecules in

Answer 51

cell-cell recognition and cell-cell signaling