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Accelerated Chemistry > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

True or false:

Free atoms occur rarely in nature

A

True

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2
Q

True or false:

Most substances are compounds

A

Treu

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3
Q

What is law of constant proportions?

A

All sample of a given compound have the same proportions of their constituent elements. For example water always has two hydrogen atoms for each oxygen.

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4
Q

If compound A has 12.0 grams of carbon and 32.0 grams of oxygen and compund B has 36.0 grams of carbon and 96.0 grams of oxygen, are the two compounds the same?

A

Yes, because 12:32 = 36:96

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5
Q

For Al2O3, what are the constituents?

A

2 aluminum and 3 oxygen

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6
Q

True or false:

In a compound, the metal is listed last.

A

False. Metal first. For example Al2O3 aluminum is first

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7
Q

True or false:

Element in compounds that are in higher rows are listed first. For example O3S

A

False. Elements in lower rows should be listed first. Should be SO3

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8
Q

True or false:

Compounds which have elements which are to the left are listed first. For example CCl4

A

True. Carbon is left of chlorine.

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9
Q

Determine the number of each type of atom in Al2(SO4)3.

A

Two Al, 3 S, and 12 O.

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10
Q

True or false:

Molecular formula is the simpliest whole number ratio of elements.

A

False. Empirical formula is low whole number ratio. Molecular formula is actual number ratio.

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11
Q

What is structural formula?

A

letters and bonds

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12
Q

What is ball and stick model?

A

Balls for elements and stick for bonds.

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13
Q

What is space filling model?

A

Balls next to each other no bonds showing.

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14
Q

What are atomic elements?

A

Single atoms as their basic unit. Typically noble gases.

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15
Q

What are molecular elements?

A

Typically two atoms of the same element bonded together. For example O2. Also known as diatomic molecules.

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16
Q

Write ionic formula for Al3+ and O2-

A

Al2O3

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17
Q

Write ionic formula for Ca2+ and NO3-

A

Ca(NO3)2

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18
Q

True or false:

An ionic compound is typically a metal together with one or more nonmetals.

A

True

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19
Q

True or false:

In an ioic compound the charge of the cations must cancel the charge of the anions.

A

True. For example Mg2+ cancels O2- in MgO

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20
Q

What is a Type I ionic compound?

A

The metal has an invariant (fixed) charge.

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21
Q

What is a Type II ionic coumpound?

A

The metal may contain different charges in different compounds. For example Fe2+ or Fe3+ These are usually transitional metals.

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22
Q

What are binary compounds?

A

Contain only two elements.

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23
Q

What are binary ionic compounds?

A

Metals with only one type of anion. For example, NaCl or CaBr2

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24
Q

Naming convention for binary (Type I) ionic compounds.

A

Name of cation (metal) + base name of anion (nonmetal) + ide. For example sodium chloride.

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25
Q

What are the anions or fluorine, Chlorine, bromine, iodine, oxygen, sulfur and nitrogen?

A

fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, oxide, sulfide, nitride

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26
Q

Naming convention for binary (Type II) ionic compounds.

A

Name of cation (metal) + (charge of cation in Roman numerals) + base name of anion (nonmetal) + ide For example, copper(II) sufide, CuS2

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27
Q

What are the following polyatomic ions: NO2-, NO3-, OH-, ClO-, ClO2-, ClO3-, ClO4-

A

nitrite, nitrate, hydroxide, hypochlorite, chlorite, chlorate, perchlorate

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28
Q

Naming convention of molecular compounds

A

Prefix + name of first element + prefix + base name of second element + ide For example, P2O5 is diphosphorus pentoxide

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29
Q

Naming convention binary acids.

A

hydro + base name of nonmetal + ic acid For example hydrochloric acid

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30
Q

Naming convention of oxyacids

A
  1. -ite oxyacids: base name of oxyanion + ous + acid For example sulfurous acid
  2. -ate oxyacids: base name of oxyanion + ic + acid For example phosphoric acid
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31
Q

Name test: CO

A

molecular: carbon monoxide

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32
Q

Name test: CaF2

A

ionic: calcium fluoride

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33
Q

Name test: HF(aq)

A

acid, binary: hydrofluoric acid

34
Q

Name test: Fe(NO3)3

A

ionic: iron(III) nitrate

35
Q

Name test: HClO4(aq)

A

acid, oxyacid, -ate: perchloric acid

36
Q

Name test: H2SO3(aq)

A

acid, oxyacid, -ite: sulfurous acid

37
Q

What is the formula mass?

A

formula mass = (# atoms of first element in formula x atomic mass of first element) + (# atoms of second element in formula x atomic mass of second element) + …

38
Q

What is formula mass of CCl4 if C is 12.01 amu and Cl is 35.45 amu.

A

1 x 12.01 amu + 4 x 35.45 amu = 153.8 amu

39
Q

C2H3O2-

A

acetate

40
Q

CO32-

A

carbonate

41
Q

HCO3-

A

hydrogen carbonate

42
Q

OH-

A

hydroxide

43
Q

NO3-

A

nitrate

44
Q

NO2-

A

nitrite

45
Q

CrO42-

A

chromate

46
Q

Cr2O72-

A

dichromate

47
Q

PO43-

A

phosphate

48
Q

HPO42-

A

hydrogen phosphate

49
Q

NH4+

A

ammonium

50
Q

ClO-

A

hypochloride

51
Q

ClO2-

A

chloride

52
Q

ClO3-

A

chlorate

53
Q

ClO4-

A

perchlorate

54
Q

MnO4-

A

permanganate

55
Q

SO42-

A

sulfate

56
Q

SO32-

A

sulfite

57
Q

HSO3-

A

hydrogen sulfite

58
Q

HSO4-

A

hydrogen sulfate

59
Q

O22-

A

peroxide

60
Q

CN-

A

cyanide

61
Q

F-

A

anion: fluoride

62
Q

Cl-

A

anion: chloride

63
Q

Br-

A

anion: bromide

64
Q

O2-

A

anion: oxide

65
Q

I-

A

anion: iodide

66
Q

S2-

A

anion: sulfide

67
Q

N3-

A

anion: nitride

68
Q

If carbon tetrachloride has a masss ratio of 11.8:1 chlorine to carbon mass ratio and there is 35 grams of chlorine, the mass of carbon is.

A

35 grams / 11.8 ~ 3.0 grams

69
Q

Write chemical formula for compound which contains two chlorine for each oxygen atom.

A

Cl2O

70
Q

How many oygen atoms are there in Fe2(SO4)3?

A

12

71
Q

Which of the following are molecular elements

copper

iodione

krypton

potassium

A

Iodine, I2

72
Q

Which of the following is an ionic compound

BrF5

HNO3

MgSO4

NI3

A

MgSO4 because Mg+ and SO4-

73
Q

What is formula for compound that forms between Sr and Br?

A

SrBr2 because Sr2+ and Br-

74
Q

What is the formula for the compound that forms between sodium and chlorite ions?

A

NaClO2 because Na+ and ClO2-

75
Q

What is Li3N

A

lithium nitride

76
Q

What is CrCl3?

A

chromium (III) chloride

77
Q

What is BaSO4?

A

barium sulfate

78
Q

What is PF3?

A

phosphorus pentafluoride

79
Q

What is manganese (III) oxide?

A

Mn2O3 because O2- and Mn3+

80
Q

What is H3PO4(aq)?

A

phosphoric acid

81
Q

What is formula for hydrobromic acid?

A

HBr

82
Q
A

Accelerated Chemistry (9 decks)

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