Chapter 5 - Chemical Reactions Flashcards
(26 cards)
Reactant
A substance that we start with that undergoes a change
Product
A new substance that forms during the reaction
Evidence of a chemical reaction
Change in color, production of light, formation of a solid, formation of a gas, change in heat
law of conservation of mass
Mass is always conserved
Decomposition reaction
Reactant: 1 compound, Product: 2 elements or smaller compounds, CD —> C + D
Combination reaction
Reactant: 2 elements or compounds, Product: 1 compound, A + B —> AB
Single-displacement reaction
Reactant: 1 element and 1 compound, Product: 1 element and 1 compound, A + CD —> C + AD
Double-displacement reaction
Reactant: 2 compounds, Product: 2 compounds, CD + EF —> CF + ED
Metals can
react with nonmetals to form an ionic compound
Metal displacement
One metal displaces another metal from another ionic compound
Halogen displacement
One halogen (ie. Br2) can displace a halide (ie. Br-)
Halogen
Diatomic
Halide
Monoatomic
Activity series of halogen
F2 > Cl2 > Br2 > I2
Three types of double-displacement reactions
Precipitation reactions, Acid-base reactions, gas formation reactions
Precipitation reaction
A double-displacement reaction in which the formation of an insoluble solid called a precipitate
Gas formation reactions
A double-displacement reaction in which a gas is formed, which helps drive the reaction to completion
Acid-base neutralization reaction
A double-displacement reaction in which the driving force is the formation of H2O
Acid
Compound starts with H
Base
Metal and OH-, N based molecular compounds (NH3)
Combustion reactions
Any reaction involving oxygen as a reactant and that rapidly produces heat and flame
Molecular equations, ME
A form of chemical equation in which substances are represented as they exist as molecules
Ionic equations
Represents the substances in their realistic forms in solution
Strong electrolytes
Separate into ions
