Chapter 5: Common Diseases and Disorders

Question 1

What happens to the Bronchi and Bronchioles when someone has Asthma?

Answer 1

They narrow (bronchospasm), swell and produce excess mucus.

Question 2

What happens when someone has Asthma?

Answer 2

Breathing difficult and trigger coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath.

Question 3

What can trigger Asthma?

Answer 3

Allergens such as pollen, dust and pet dander.

Question 4

Does exercise, respiratory infections, air pollution, tobacco smoke and could weather can cause Asthma?

Answer 4

Yes.

Question 5

What are som options to control the symptoms of asthma?

Answer 5

Bronchodilators, anti-iniflammatory medications and biologics.

Question 6

What is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?

Answer 6

A group of disease that includes Emphysema and Chronic Bronchitis.

Question 7

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is a progressive formation of?

Answer 7

Scar tissue around the bronchioles and destruction of the alveoli in lungs.

Question 8

What is the primary cause of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Answer 8

Long term cigarette smoking (not all smoker develop it)

Question 9

Is there cure for Choric Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)?

Answer 9

No, but there are medications to control symptoms.

Question 10

What are some medications to control the symptoms of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease?

Answer 10

Bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory medications and combination agents.

Question 11

Is supplemental oxygen used?

Answer 11

Yes, only as needed.

Question 12

How does Lung Cancer develops?

Answer 12

When normal cells division and growth are disputed giving way to abnormal and uncontrollable growth.

Question 13

What is the most common risk factor for developing Lung Cancer?

Answer 13

Cigarette smoking. Lung cancer can occur in nonsmokers.

Question 14

What is the underlining cause in Cigarette Smoking and Nonsmoker?

Answer 14

Not well understood.

Question 15

What are the most critical factors in determine treatment that consist of primary of surgery, radiation and chemotherapy?

Answer 15

Cell type and Cancer Stage.

Question 16

Due to lack of symptoms, most people receive a diagnosis when the disease has metastasized to?

Answer 16

The Lymph nodes, liver, brain or bone.

Question 17

With the lack of symptoms of Lung Cancer is why?

Answer 17

It has one of the poorest survival rates of all cancers.

Question 18

What is Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)?

Answer 18

The most common type of sleep-disordered breathing.

Question 19

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is characterized by?

Answer 19

Recurrent episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep.

Question 20

Does Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) means that people will stop breathing during the night?

Answer 20

Yes.

Question 21

What does Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) mainly affects?

Answer 21

Older men who are overweight.

Question 22

What happens when Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA0 is untreated?

Answer 22

Causes daytime tiredness, serious health problems like hypertension, diabetes, stroke and heart attacks.

Question 23

What is the preferred treatment for moderate to severe apnea?

Answer 23

With a CPAP (continuous positive airway pressure) a breathing assistance device.

Question 24

What is Pneumonia?

Answer 24

An infection of one or both lungs that causes the alveoli to fill with fluid or pus.

Question 25

What are the four types of Pneumonia?

Answer 25

Bacterial, Mycoplasma, Aspiration and Viral Pneumonia.

Question 26

What is the most common type of bacteria that causes Bacterial Pneumonia?

Answer 26

Streptococcus Pneumoniae.

Question 27

What does the treatment of bacterial Pneumonia consist of?

Answer 27

Antibiotics, bed rest, increased fluid intake and possibly oxygen.

Question 28

Are Vaccines available for Bacterial Pneumonia?

Answer 28

Yes, only for people aged 65 and older to prevent Pneumococcal Pneumonia.

Question 29

Mycoplasma Pneumonia is caused by?

Answer 29

The bacterium Mycoplasma Pneumoniae.

Question 30

What Pneumoniae is responsible for most of the pneumonia cases contracted in the community (community-acquired pneumonia)?

Answer 30

Mycoplasma Pneumoniae.

Question 31

How is Hospital-aquired Pneumonia contracted?

Answer 31

In health care settings.

Question 32

What is the treatment of Mycoplasma Pneumonia?

Answer 32

Antibiotics.

Question 33

Aspiration Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs resulting from?

Answer 33

Inhaling food, liquid or vomit into the lungs.

Question 34

When people who have Aspiration Pneumonia may experience difficulty swallowing after a stroke may need to use thickened liquids or other feeding methods to?

Answer 34

Reduce the risk of aspiration.

Question 35

Aspiration Pneumonia is primarily treated with?

Answer 35

Antibiotics.

Question 36

VIral Pneumonua îs caused by various viruses, including?

Answer 36

Influenza.

Question 37

If there are no treatments for most Viral Pneumonia how does it gets cure?

Answer 37

Over-the-counter medicines to relieve pain, reduce fever and loosen mucus are recommended.

Question 38

If the flu virus is the cause of Viral Pneumonia what can reduce the length and severity of the illness?

Answer 38

Antiviral drugs.

Question 39

When does Pulmonary Embolism occurs?

Answer 39

When a blood clot dislodges from a vein and causes a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries.

Question 40

The blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries cause a blood clot in deep veins of?

Answer 40

The legs, thighs or pelvis that breaks loose and travels through the bloodstream to the lung.

Question 41

When the blood clot blocks the flow to part of the lung, preventing oxygen from?

Answer 41

Reaching the brain and body.

Question 42

A Pulmonary Embolism can be deadly if not identified and treated promptly with?

Answer 42

Medication to dissolve the clot or surgery to remove it from the pulmonary artery.