Chapter 5 - consciousness/dreaming

Question 1

continuum

Answer 1

from alert to dreaming to drug induced states

Question 2

higher level consciousness consists of

Answer 2

controlled processes

Question 3

controlled processes

Answer 3

• most alert states of human consciousness
• actively process
• requires selective attention

Question 4

lower level awareness consists of

Answer 4

automatic processes, daydreaming

Question 5

automatic processes

Answer 5

• minimal attention

- do not interfere with other ongoing activities

Question 6

daydreaming

Answer 6

• between active consciousness and dreaming while asleep
• usually spontaneous
• somewhere between active consciousness and dreaming whike youre asleep

Question 7

altered state of awareness

Answer 7

drugs, trauma, fatigue, hypnosis, sensory deprivation

Question 8

subconscious awareness consists of

Answer 8

-waking subconscious awareness and sleep/dreams

Question 9

waking subconscious awareness

Answer 9

-ideas ‘incubate’ below threshold of conscious awareness before emerge

Question 10

Sleep and dreams

Answer 10

• level of awareness lower than daydream

- remain aware of external stimuli to some degree

Question 11

no awareness (unconscious)

Answer 11

-unconscious contains reservoir of unacceptable wishes, feelings and thoughts

Question 12

the 5 levels of consciousness?

Answer 12

-higher level consciousness, lower level awareness, altered state of awareness, subconscious awareness, no awareness

Question 13

delta wave releases

Answer 13

growth hormones

Question 14

affects of sleep deprivation:

Answer 14

decline in alertness and cognitive performance, decline in brain activity, decline in attention, decline in decision making, decline in immune system, decline in creativity, decline in concentration, decline in communication

Question 15

Stage 1 of the sleep cycle:

Answer 15

-1 to 7 minutes. brief transitional stage of light sleep. alpha waves are of lower frequency and theta waves are prominent. hypnic jerks

Question 16

Stage 2 of sleep cycle

Answer 16

-brief bursts of higher frequency brain waves (sleep spindles) appear. brain waves become higher in amplitude and slower in frequency as body moves into deeper form of sleep

Question 17

stages 3/4 of sleep cycle

Answer 17

-slow wave sleep: high amplitude, low frequency delta waves become prominent. reach in 30 stay for 30.

Question 18

stage 5 of sleep cycle

Answer 18

rem sleep

Question 19

“deep” stage or sleep marked by rapid eye movements; high-frequency, low amplitude brain waves and vivid dreaming

Answer 19

REM sleep

Question 20

rem accounts for __% of adults sleep

Answer 20

20-25

Question 21

problem in falling asleep, waking up during the night, or waking up to early

Answer 21

insomnia

Question 22

may occur in any stage of rem or nrem sleep, v common in young children, same for men and women, often associated with night terrors

Answer 22

sleep talking

Question 23

frightening dream that awakens dreamer from rem sleep, content usually involves danger, common for children of 3-6 yrs

Answer 23

nightmare

Question 24

Sudden arousal from sleep and intense fear, rapid heart rate and breathing, loud screams, heavy persipitation, movement, occur during slow wave non rem sleep, peaks at 5-7 yrs

Answer 24

night terror

Question 25

overpowering urge to sleep, may fall asleep while talking or standing up, immediately enter rem sleep, inherited

Answer 25

narcolepsy

Question 26

stop breathing bc windpipe fails to open or bc brain processes involves in respiration fail to work properly

Answer 26

sleep apnea

Question 27

neurogenesis

Answer 27

refers to formation if new neurons and occurs during sleep

Question 28

biological rhythyms

Answer 28

periodic fluctuations in physiological functioning -> biological clock that monitor passage of time

Question 29

24 hour biological cycles found in humans and many other species -> particularly influential in the regulation of sleep, also produce rhythmic variations in blood pressure, urine production, hormonal secretions, and other physical functions, as well as alertness, shot-term memory and other aspects of cognitive performance

Answer 29

circadian rhythms

Question 30

humans energy consumption by brain is reduced by __% during sleep

Answer 30

30

Question 31

in dreams we have a coherent sense of

Answer 31

self

Question 32

day residue

Answer 32

term coined by freud which describes spill over of life into dreams

Question 33

dreams in which ppl can think clearly about the circumstances of waking life and the fact that they are dreaming, yet they remain asleep in the midst of a vivid dream

Answer 33

lucid dreams

Question 34

Beta: frequency? state of consciousness?

Answer 34

``` frequency = 13-24 consciousness = normal waking thought, alert problem solving ```

Question 35

Alpha: frequency? state of consciousness?

Answer 35

frequency: 8-12 consciousness: deep relaxation, blank mind, meditation

Question 36

Theta: frequency? state of consciousness?

Answer 36

frequency: 4-7 | typical state of consciousness: light sleep

Question 37

Delta: frequency? state of consciousness?

Answer 37

frequency: less than 4 | typical state of consciousness: deep sleep

Question 38

State of consciousness occurring during rem sleep - vivid imagery

Answer 38

dream

Question 39

Common dream themes:

Answer 39

daily contacts, sex, aggressive incidents, misfortunes

Question 40

Who argued that the principal purpose of dreams is wish fulfillment?

Answer 40

Sigmund freud

Question 41

Content of dream recognized by freud as content which consists of the plot of a dream at the surface level

Answer 41

manifest content

Question 42

content of dream recognized by freud as content which is hidden or disguised meaning of the events in the plot

Answer 42

latent content

Question 43

who proposed that dreams provide an opportunity to work through everyday problems (cognitive problem solving view)

Answer 43

Rosalind Cartwright

Question 44

Who proposed that dreams are the byproduct of bursts of activity emanating from subcortical areas in the brain (activation synthesis model)

Answer 44

j allan hobson and robert mccarley

Question 45

nature of consciousness

Answer 45

general state of being aware of and responsive to events in the environment and one's mental processes

Question 46

an altered state of consciousness first used by mesmer

Answer 46

hypnosis

Question 47

suggestibility

Answer 47

ability to be hypnotized

Question 48

posthynoptic suggestion

Answer 48

suggestion that a participant should perform a particular action after the hypnotic session has ended