Chapter 5: First Two Years

Question 1

why are frequent medical checkups so important?

Answer 1

growth is so rapid and the consequences can be severe

Question 2

what specifically is measured in those checkups?

Answer 2

head circumference
length
weight

Question 3

Why is it important to report measurements in percentiles?

Answer 3

easy to notice marks up and down for trouble

Question 4

What are the various sleep issues?

Answer 4

no sleeping schedule
can be crushed if sleeping w parents
SIDS

Question 5

What is head sparing?

Answer 5

protects brain when malnutrition disrupts body growth

Question 6

neuron

Answer 6

nerve cell

Question 7

dendrite

Answer 7

fiber from neuron

Question 8

axon

Answer 8

fiber from neuron

Question 9

synapses

Answer 9

interactions between axons and dendrites

Question 10

myelin

Answer 10

coating on axons that speeds transmissions

Question 11

prefrontal cortex

Answer 11

Executive functions
ex language

Question 12

amygdala

Answer 12

inner brain
handles emotions

Question 13

hippocampus

Answer 13

memory

Question 14

what is cortisol? why is it important?

Answer 14

stress hormone
will increase or elevate depending o parent behavior

Question 15

Exuberance v. Pruning/ Why is pruning important?

Answer 15

exuberance is exposure to it
pruning is experieinces you dont use so you lose them

Question 16

Experience- expectant growth
Ex:

Answer 16

necessary experiences
Ex: exposure to language, interaction,

Question 17

experience- dependent
Ex:

Answer 17

need particular experiences to develop
Ex: music, second language, fear

Question 18

Why are there five things that babies need for brains to grow well?

Question 19

Why do babies cry?

Question 20

Compare and contrast the early development of senses

Question 21

How have hospitals changed their care of newborns to be better for babies?

Answer 21

eliminating bright lights
reducing pain and distress
allowing parents to touch

Question 22

Motor skills depend on what three things?

Answer 22

maturation
motivation
practice

Question 23

Explain several motor skills

Answer 23

walking running sitting unsupported

Question 24

why is tummy time important?

Answer 24

it develops muscles

Question 25

a newly walking toddler falls about how many times?

Answer 25

17 times

Question 26

Explain fine motor skills

Answer 26

large body movements such as running and walking

Question 27

How has public health been important for young children over the last 100 years?

Answer 27

has reduced infant death

Question 28

what was the key clue for susan discovering a cure to sids

Answer 28

back to sleep should be put on their back

Question 29

What us colostrum? why is it important?

Answer 29

high calorie fluid from breasts saves babies lives especially preterm

Question 30

Types of malnutrition

Answer 30

protein calorie- not eating enough stunting- won't grow enough wasting- severely underweight