Chapter 6: Infancy Cognitive Development

Question 1

Why is caregiver pivotal?

Answer 1

they shape the development whether they are responsive or unresponsive.

Question 2

What is meant by infants are scientists in the crib?

Answer 2

babies are constantly trying to figure things out

Question 3

Pa and Ba study

Answer 3

in early weeks they learn to distinguish Pa and Ba

Question 4

What is gaze following?

Answer 4

babies observe the gaze of caregiver and their responses

Question 5

How early is logic measured?

Answer 5

the first year of life

Question 6

Importance of exploring

Answer 6

allows them to be curious

Question 7

Two theories of infant mind

Answer 7

information-processing theory
-human mind is like a computer
evolutionary theory
-infants attend to caregivers
-requires infant brain to be plastic

Question 8

Primary, secondary, tertiary reactions

Answer 8

primary-involves responses to their own bodies
secondary- responses to objects and people
tertiary- involves creativity

Question 9

First stage

Answer 9

Infancy
-birth to age 2
-sensory motor stage, rooting grasping, sucking

Question 10

second stage

Answer 10

Adaptations and voluntary movements
-1 to 4 months
-voluntarily do something

Question 11

third stage

Answer 11

orientation outside the body
-4 to 8 months
-aware of things that don’t involve their body

Question 12

fourth stage

Answer 12

Intentional actions
-8 to 12 months
object permanence

Question 13

fifth stage

Answer 13

Experimenting and creating
-trial and error stage
-12 to 18 months
-throwing stuff

Question 14

sixth stage

Answer 14

Thinking and Imagining
-18 to 24 months
-take objects and pretend with them

Question 15

little scientists, trial and error

Answer 15

babies become more curious to consult others about emotion and objects

Question 16

Object permanence

Answer 16

comes in around 8 to 12 months
things still exist when out of sight

Question 17

assimilation and accomodation

Answer 17

Assimilation: notice similar things and assume they are the same
Accommodation: Adjust and recognize differences

Question 18

How adults speak to babies and dogs?

Answer 18

slower encouraging tones

Question 19

what kinds of language characteristics do babies and toddlers most prefer?

Answer 19

smaller words
slower

Question 20

Have a general idea of the stages of language development? what is typical at various ages?

Answer 20

1 to 6 months -crying
10 months- conversation like
12 months- first words

Question 21

what is holophrase? when does speech tend to explode?

Answer 21

one word that expresses a thought
happens at 18 months

Question 22

what is grammar?

Answer 22

put an s on plural nouns closer to 2
learn about past tense rule

Question 23

three theories of language learning

Answer 23

-Learn when you talk around them
-teach themselves
-primed to learn language