Chapter 5: Helping Relationships

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a true statement regarding the
concept of wellness?

a. Wellness encompasses physical, mental, psychological,
and spiritual health.
b. Wellness emphasizes lifestyle choices that contribute to
an individual’s general well-being.
c. Wellness is defined as the absence of illness.
d. Wellness is a holistic term that emphasizes a positive
state of overall well-being.

Answer 1

c. Wellness is defined as the absence of illness.

Question 2

In general, Joanna and her counselor agree on her goals for
counseling and are working collaboratively on the tasks needed
to achieve these goals. Joanna also feels emotionally connected to
her counselor. What can be said about the relationship between
Joanna and her counselor?

a. They have a weak therapeutic relationship.
b. Joanna experiences a lack of psychological contact with
her counselor.
c. They have a strong therapeutic relationship which will
facilitate Joanna’s progress in counseling.
d. Joanna’s strong relationship with her counselor will only
be effective if the right treatment modality is used.

Answer 2

c. They have a strong therapeutic relationship which will

facilitate Joanna’s progress in counseling.

Question 3

When working with clients who have experienced a disaster,
counselors can apply which of the following evidence-based
approaches?

a. Collaborative-dependent model
b. Counselor unconditional positive regard
c. Caplan’s mental health consultation model
d. Psychological first aid

Answer 3

d. Psychological first aid

Question 4

George is a successful business owner who drinks daily in order
to cope with the stresses of running a business. For months, his
mother and brother have been “hassling” him about seeking
treatment for his drinking. While they believe his drinking is a
problem, George fails to see the issue. He is, after all, successful
at his job and has no intention to change his drinking behavior.
George is most likely in which of the following stages of change?

a. Precontemplation
b. Contemplation
c. Preparation
d. Action

Answer 4

a. Precontemplation

Question 5

A counselor collaborates with clients to set goals in the
___________ stage of counseling.

a. initial
b. action
c. termination
d. relationship-building

Answer 5

b. action

Question 6

____________ is NOT a minimal encourager.

a. “Hmm”
b. “I’m with you”
c. “Tell me more about that”
d. “I’ve got you”

Answer 6

c. “Tell me more about that”

Question 7

Which of the following is a closed-ended question?

a. “How does it feel when your husband is gone for weeks
at a time?”
b. “Tell me more about how your family has solved conflicts
in the past year.”
c. “When was the last time you fought with your daughter?”
d. “In what ways does your partner’s lying affect you?

Answer 7

c. “When was the last time you fought with your daughter?”

Question 8

“You say you want to get better grades, but you have not
completed any homework in the last week.” This is an example of

a. a reflection.
b. a confrontation.
c. giving feedback.
d. a paraphrase.

Answer 8

b. a confrontation.

Question 9

Which of the following is not appropriate when giving a client
feedback?

a. Providing feedback when it assists the client in gaining
increased self-awareness.
b. Providing feedback through the use of broad statements
such as, “You are a really sensitive person.”
c. Asking the client permission to give feedback.
d. Providing feedback to reinforce a client’s progress in
obtaining their goals.

Answer 9

b. Providing feedback through the use of broad statements

such as, “You are a really sensitive person.”

Question 10

Repeating a client’s statement back to them in different words is
called

a. paraphrasing.
b. reflecting.
c. summarizing.
d. attending.

Answer 10

a. paraphrasing.

Question 11

The ____________ operates according to the reality principle.

a. id
b. ego
c. superego
d. conscience mind

Answer 11

b. ego

Question 12

Images and tendencies that are inherent in all human beings are
contained in the

a. preconscious.
b. personal unconscious.
c. unconscious.
d. collective unconscious.

Answer 12

d. collective unconscious.

Question 13

A counselor uses an Adlerian technique called ____________ to
help a client reduce the desirability of unhealthy behaviors.

a. asking the question
b. pushbutton
c. catching oneself
d. spitting in the client’s soup

Answer 13

d. spitting in the client’s soup

Question 14

According to Adler, ____________ tend to excel in their pursuits
but are often spoiled and lack social skills comparable to those of
other children.

a. only children
b. youngest children
c. firstborns
d. second children

Answer 14

a. only children

Question 15

Which Jungian archetype is said to contain the parts of the self
that a person does not want to acknowledge?

a. The Self
b. The Anima
c. The Shadow
d. The Persona

Answer 15

c. The Shadow

Question 16

All of the following behavioral techniques are most commonly
used with children, EXCEPT

a. token economy.
b. contingency contract.
c. behavioral rehearsal.
d. response cost.

Answer 16

c. behavioral rehearsal.

Question 17

A counselor who reinforces a client, who is afraid to leave the
house, for stepping out on his porch is using which of the
behavioral counseling techniques?

a. Maintenance.
b. Shaping.
c. Overcorrection.
d. Environmental planning

Answer 17

b. Shaping.

Question 18

In the WDEP system of reality therapy, the P stands for

a. practice.
b. purpose.
c. power.
d. plan.

Answer 18

d. plan.

Question 19

Bill, a counselor, frequently challenges clients on their irrational
thoughts about what they must or have to do. His primary goal in
therapy is to dispute client irrational thoughts. Bill is using which
cognitive-behavioral theory?

a. Gestalt therapy.
b. reality therapy.
c. rational emotive behavior therapy.
d. cognitive therapy.

Answer 19

c. rational emotive behavior therapy.

Question 20

A client shares that she volunteers at a child-care center. During
one of her visits, two of the children get upset with her when she
tells them it’s time to clean up and start kicking her. The woman
quits volunteering because she concludes that all children are
violent. A counselor who uses a cognitive therapy would label
this type of distorted thinking as

a. magnification.
b. overgeneralization.
c. labeling.
d. selective abstraction.

Answer 20

b. overgeneralization.

Question 21

The core condition of counseling known as unconditional positive
regard is also referred to as each of the following EXCEPT

a. respect.
b. empathy.
c. acceptance.
d. prizing.

Answer 21

b. empathy.

According to Rogers, empathy is fundamentally different from unconditional positive regard. Empathy is demonstrated when the counselor understands the clients worldview and communicates this understanding to the client

Question 22

Missy recently lost her father to a terminal illness. In the months
after his death she has experienced high anxiety regarding her
own mortality. An existential counselor would say Missy is
experiencing [a(n)]

a. homeostasis.
b. existential dilemma.
c. unfinished business.
d. existential vacuum.

Answer 22

b. existential dilemma.

Question 23

A counselor who suggests that a depressed client spend at least
two hours a day being depressed is using what technique?

a. Paradoxical intention
b. Reverse psychology
c. Logotherapy
d. Here and now therapy

Answer 23

a. Paradoxical intention

Question 24

Humanistic counselors

a. are directive.
b. are problem focused.
c. are person focused.
d. use many techniques.

Answer 24

c. are person focused.

Question 25

According to Rollo May, healthy people

a. should not experience anxiety.
b. should experience moderate levels of anxiety.
c. should experience high levels of anxiety because it is
motivational.
d. None of the above.

Answer 25

b. should experience moderate levels of anxiety.

Question 26

A client comes to counseling and admits that she has a problem
with alcohol abuse but does not seem committed to making any
changes in her life. A solution-focused counselor would likely
classify this client as a

a. visitor.
b. complainant.
c. customer.
d. consumer.

Answer 26

b. complainant.

Question 27

Steven struggles with self-esteem issues and generally believes he
is a failure in life. He has been working in therapy to construct a
new self-narrative in which he is confident and successful. The
counselor suggests that Steven consider sharing his new selfnarrative
with a small group of friends/family and elicit their
feedback. This is an example of

a. positive blame.
b. a definitional ceremony.
c. writing therapeutic letters.
d. a psychodrama.

Answer 27

b. a definitional ceremony.

Question 28

Thick descriptions are each of the following EXCEPT

a. detailed.
b. multilayered.
c. based primarily on outsider labels.
d. complex.

Answer 28

c. based primarily on outsider labels.

Question 29

A dominant narrative is one constructed by the

a. client.
b. client’s family of origin.
c. counselor.
d. society.

Answer 29

d. society.

Dominant narratives are those created by society and involve norms and customs that adversely impact a client’s life.

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT an example of an externalizing
question?

a. How long have you been sad?
b. How has depression affected your personal life?
c. When have you been able to ignore anxiety?
d. How have your academics been affected by
compulsiveness?

Answer 30

a. How long have you been sad?

Question 31

Stella does not trust her partner, Frank, because he lies about his
drinking. Her distrust, in turn, causes him to drink and lie about
his behavior. As a result, her distrust increases. Stella and Frank’s
relationship can be best explained by

a. linear causality.
b. circular causality.
c. homeostasis.
d. closed family system.

Answer 31

b. circular causality.

Question 32

Susie is a people-pleaser. She frequently agrees with her family
members to keep them happy and rarely expresses her own
opinion. According to Satir, Susie has adopted which of the
following dysfunctional communication patterns?

a. Blamer
b. Intellectualizer
c. Placater
d. Distracter

Answer 32

c. Placater

Question 33

Which of the following couples would Bowen consider well
matched?

a. An oldest child and another oldest child
b. A youngest child and another youngest child
c. A middle child and another middle child
d. An oldest child and a youngest child

Answer 33

d. An oldest child and a youngest child

Question 34

A counselor encourages a couple to argue in the counseling
session about how to discipline their children, a fight that
frequently occurs outside of the counseling session. This
technique is referred to as

a. family sculpting.
b. an enactment.
c. an ordeal.
d. unbalancing.

Answer 34

b. an enactment.

Question 35

A counselor tells a family that they should not try to change too
soon. The counselor is using

a. a ritual.
b. the pretend technique.
c. positive connotation.
d. counterparadox.

Answer 35

d. counterparadox.

Question 36

All of the following words describe the adapted child ego state
EXCEPT

a. compliant.
b. reserved.
c. creative.
d. docile.

Answer 36

c. creative.

Question 37

A counselor is planning to read a therapy book on divorce with
his 8-year-old client. He believes that implementing the book into
the counseling session will prompt the client to talk about her
feelings regarding her parent’s divorce. Which approach to play
therapy is the counselor using?

a. Non-directive
b. Child-centered
c. Directive
d. None of the above

Answer 37

c. Directive

Question 38

A professional counselor uses techniques from a variety of
theories to treat client issues. This is an example of

a. technical integration.
b. assimilative integration.
c. theoretical integration.
d. common factors approach.

Answer 38

a. technical integration.

Question 39

Gina is attending DBT group counseling sessions. She is working
on how to ask for what she wants and effectively say no to others
without feeling guilty. Which of the following skill modules is
Gina’s therapy focusing on?

a. Mindfulness
b. Distress Tolerance
c. Interpersonal Effectiveness
d. Emotional Regulation

Answer 39

c. Interpersonal Effectiveness

Question 40

A multimodal counselor who approaches clients from their
preferred domain/modality, is using the technique known as

a. enhancing capabilities.
b. firing sequence.
c. positive stroke.
d. bridging.

Answer 40

d. bridging.