Chapter 5 Integumentary System Flashcards
What are several functions of the skin
covers and protects the body from abrasion, bacterial attack, ultraviolet radiation, and dehydration, control internal temp, detecting environmental stimuli, produces vitamin D
What are the two layers of the skin
epidermis and dermis
epidermis
refers to the thin, outermost layers of cells consisting of stratified, squamous epithelium
what do keratinocytes do
produce keratin, when the cells are pushed to the skin surface the keratin fibers remain to make the outermost layer of skin tough and waterproof
what do melanocytes do
along with carotene and hemoglobin, contribute to the natural coloration of skin
what do langerhans cells and granstein contribute to
immune function
stratum basale
bottom most layer of the epidermis in contact with the basement membrane
stratum spinosum
cells are packed with keratin and melanin
stratum graulosum
cells are becoming more durable
stratum corneum
uppermost layer, thickest layer, constantly being sloughed off
dermis
the thicker portion of the skin that underlies the epidermis
- mostly dense connective tissue, consisting of elastin and collagen fibers
- blood vessels, hair follicles, nerve endings, and glands are located here
hypodermis
a subcutaneous layer that anchors the skin, fat is also stored here
what do sweat glands do
secretes fluid to regulate body temp that removes trace amounts of salt, glucose, and urea
what do sebaceous glands do
secrete oil and most are connected to a hair follicle, body’s natural moisturizer to soften and lubricate the hair and skin
info on hair
keratinized structures rooted in the skin and projecting above the surface
- produced deep in the dermis by cells that are very similar to epidermal cells
