Chapter 5 Key Terms: The Multicultural History of American Eduaction Flashcards
(50 cards)
Academy
A classical secondary school in colonial America that emphasized elements of Latin and English grammar schools and by the nineteenth century became more of a college preparatory school. Also the name of the ancient Greek school founded by Plato
American spelling book
An elementary textbook written by Noah Webster that focused on the alphabet, grammar, and moral lessons
A Nation at Risk
A report written in 1983 by the National Commission on Excellence in Education that put school reform in the national spotlight by reporting that test scores and performance in U.S schools was declining and weakening
Sylvia Ashton-Warner
An unconventional New Zealand teacher who structured her educational practices around child-centered learning and creativity. She created new reading education values and philosophies that still impact American schools today
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
U.S Supreme Court ruling that reversed an earlier “seperate but equal” ruling and declared segregated schooling was inherently unequal and therefore unlawful
Kenneth Clark
City College of New York graduate who fought against racial discrimination in schools. He led the doll study that was presented in the Brown v. Board of Education case
Comenius
A 15th century education pioneer who identified developmental stages of learning and supported universal education
Common School
A public, tax-supported school. First established in Massachusetts, the schools’ purpose was to create a common basis of knowledge for children. It usually refers to the public elementary school
Prudence Crandall
A Quaker who lived from 1803-1889 and fought to promote education among people of all colors, especially African American girls
Dame Schools
Primary Schools in colonial and other early periods in which students were taught by untrained women in the women’s homes
De facto segregation
The segregation of racial or other groups resulting from circumstances, such as housing patterns, rather than from official policy or law
De jure segregation
The segregation of racial or other groups on the basis of law, policy, or other practice designed to accomplish such seperation
John Dewey
Proponent and theorist of progressive education; student-centered, problem-based learning
W.E.B Dubols
Co-founder of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
Elementary School
An educational institution for children in grades 1 through 5,5,or8, often including kindergarten
English Classical School
The first free public high school, established in Boston in 1821. The school initially enrolled only boys
Benjamin Franklin
Established the Academy, a new kind of secondary school that replaced the Latin grammars school. He was committed to educating all white Americans, rich or poor
Paulo Freire
A 20th century education activist and theorist, Freire spread critical pedagogy, a theory in which students are the center of their education, while teachers guide and facilitate active student learning
Friedrich Forebel
The founder of kindergarten in 1837
Gendered Career
A career that is mostly occupied by one of the genders as opposed to the other. A term applied to the gender stereotyping of career and occupational fields. Teaching, for example, was initially gendered male but today is gendered female, particularly at the elementary school level.
Johann Herbart
Encouraged moral development in education and created a structured methodology of instruction (1776-1841)
Hornbook
A single sheet of parchment containg the Lord’s Praer and letters of the alphabet. It was protected by a thin sheath from the flattened horn of a cow and fastened to a wooden board-hence the name. It was used during the colonial era in primary schools
En loco parentis
Latin term meaning “in place of the parents”; that is, a teacher or school administrator assumes the duties and responsibilities of the parents during the hours the child attends school
