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CISSP > Chapter 5 - Physical Security > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Physical Security Flashcards

(92 cards)

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0
Q

Layered defense model

A

Physical controls should work harmoniously in a tiered architecture

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1
Q

Life safety goals

A

Life safety comes before all else

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2
Q

Collusion

A

Two or more people working a fraudulent activity

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3
Q

Performance based approach

A

Devise metrics and measurements to determine effectiveness of systems

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4
Q

What are the categories of a security plan?

A 
Deterrence
Delaying
Detection
Assessment
Response
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5
Q

Crime prevention through environmental design CPTED

A

Reducing crime by directly affecting human behavior in both macro and micro environments (think of Rob’s example in the mall)

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6
Q

Target Hardening

A

Focused on denying access through barriers and locks

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7
Q

Natural access control

A

Sidewalks lights landscaping bollards .. Physical obstruction and lighting

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8
Q

Control zones

A

Label of physical security areas such as controlled, restricted, public, sensitive

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9
Q

Natural surveillance

A

The use of uncovered pathways to increase pedestrian watchers and to decrease likelihood of crime

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10
Q

Natural territorial reinforcement

A

Using community local spirit and ownership to help encourage people to speak up .. The ‘this is my neighborhood’ ideal

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11
Q

Facility considerations

A

Visibility
Surrounding areas and emergency service proximity
Accessibility
Natural disasters

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12
Q

Light frame construction materials

A

Wooden frame generally used in houses.. Has a 30 minute fire rating before collapse.

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13
Q

Heavy timber construction materials

A

Think dense wood used for construction. Has a one hour fire rating

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14
Q

Incombustible materials

A

Often steel, better than wood, melts under intense heat still and can collapse

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15
Q

Fire resistant materials

A

This is the top quality, beams and supports are made with steel and encased in flame retardant like concrete and specific materials

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16
Q

Rebar

A

Steel rods in concrete used to make it more difficult to break through. The thickness and frequency of the rebar makes it vary in difficulty

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17
Q

What is the key thing to consider when you are choosing a construction material

A

The building is vulnerable at its weakest point

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18
Q

Mantrap

A

Dual authentication used to discourage piggybacking (should be only one person at a time)

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19
Q

Fail-safe vs fail-secure

A

Safe means power lose results in unlocked doors..

Secure means it is locked with power loss

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20
Q

What are the types of glass?

A

Standard - most fragile
Tempered - heated and cool strengthened
Acrylic - strongest but toxic in fire

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21
Q

Embedded wires and laminated glass

A

Used to strengthen windows using wires or plastic respectively

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22
Q

Internal partitions

A

Ceiling tiles.. Cubicals .. These should never be used to secure a room

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23
Q

Solar window film / security film

A

Solar film - used for tinting and reflection

Security film - laminating for strength

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24
Positive pressure
Used to prevent contaminants from getting sucked into a critical space
25
Passive vs thermal locking
Passive will add additional locking based on vibration and thermal will add additional locks if heat is detected from a drill or torch
26
Online vs standby UPS
Online means the power the computers are receiving is from the batteries not the street Standby means it has to switch power over at power loss
27
Fluorescent lights can cause?
RFI keep cables away from them and shield them
28
EMI
Caused by motors, can cause interference in the lines (these are called line interference)
29
In rush current
The sudden increase in electrical draw when devices gain power simultaneously causing a sag (lights go dim)
30
Surge
An excess of power caused by a major power event (lightning or power plant coming online)
31
Blackout
No power
32
Brownout
Long term reduction in voltage constant voltage transformers can protect against this
33
Noise
RFI and EMI cause interference .. can be avoided with line conditioner
34
Positive drain
Keeps contents flowing out
35
Hygrometer
Used to monitor humidity levels
36
What organization deals with fire resistance?
American society for testing and materials
37
Photoelectric device
Shoots a beam of light at a detector, smoke will obscure the light and set off an alarm often sampled from air drawn into a tube
38
What are the types of fire classes?
A - common - water/foam B - liquid - gas/CO2/foam/dry powder C - electrical - gas/CO2/dry powder D - metals - dry powder
39
What 4 ways can you suppress a fire?
Soda acid - removes fuels Carbon dioxide - removes oxygen Water - reduces temperature FM200 - interferes with the chemical reaction
40
Plenum areas
Areas where people can't see, like inside a wall, dropped ceiling or raised floor. Only plenum rated cables should be used. Fire detectors should be present
41
What is the danger on HVAC in a fire?
Added oxygen and increased smoke distribution
42
What are the types of sprinkler systems?
Wet pipe Dry pipe Preaction Deluge
43
Wet pipe
Also called closed head systems .. Water is already waiting in the pipes
44
Dry pipe
Air pressure is maintained in the pipes to keep the water out, once a fire alarm goes off the air pressure is reduced to open the water valve
45
Preaction
Just like dry pipe, but each head has a thermal fuse so only the necessary heads go off
46
Deluge
The heads are wide open and flood the place essentially
47
Warded lock
Basic padlock .. Used internal wards within the lock to prevent the key from turning unless shaped correctly
48
Tumbler lock
Spring loaded pins are arranged in a way that the notched key has to put just the right amount of pressure in each pin simultaneously
49
What are the types of tumbler ?
Pin - most common Wafer - easily broken desk lock Lever - ?
50
Combination locks
The correct number sequence will turn the internal wheels into the proper place
51
Cipher lock
Computer driven control. Passwords are changeable, secret duress codes can be put in, etc
52
Door delay
If a door is held open an alarm goes off
53
Key override
Emergency override for controls
54
Master key
Allows change of cipher passwords
55
Hostage alarm
Duress alarm
56
Smart locks
Log and track specific user access
57
Device locks
Device protection ``` Switch covers Cable locks (slot lock) Port controls Peripheral switch Cable trap ```
58
Tension wrench
Used to apply tension to pins that have been successfully picked, then used to open the lock
59
Raking
Applying quick upward pressure the they pins in a lock to get them in the right place, a smaller pick is used to adjust the ones not in place
60
What are he lock security levels?
Grade 1,2,3 1 - commercial/industrial 2 - heavy duty 3 - consumer
61
Lock bumping
Using a bump key to quickly jam the pins up and gain access
62
Piggybacking
Following others into an area without identifying with a logger individually
63
User activated readers
Use has to put in pin and thumbprint for example
64
System sensing access control readers / transponders
Obtains the access control authentication by scan without user interaction
65
Electronic Access Control tokens
Proximity readers locks and devices
66
How high should fence be if you are serious ?
8 ft minimum with barbed wire
67
What is a fence gauge ?
The thickness if the wire, same as wire gauge
68
PIDAS fencing
Vibration detection on a fence, causes many false alarms
69
What are the gate ratings?
Class 1-4 1 - residential 2 - commercial 3 - industrial 4 - restricted
70
Underwriters laboratory
Nonprofit organization that test and classifies devices fire suppression and construction materials
71
Light
Important, proper lighting without unlit spots is critical
72
Glare protection
Ensuring that lights do not blind unintended people
73
Continuous lighting
A string of lighting
74
Controlled lighting
Means that the lights do not bleed into unintended areas
75
Standby lighting
Used to automatically adjust lighting to make it seem like someone is there
76
Responsive area illumination
Linked with an IDS to turn on lights in suspect areas
77
Closed circuit tv
Used for surveillance using a multiplexor, recorder and tv
78
Charged coupled devices
Better known as CCD as in a camera CCD
79
Focal length
Different from cameras due to size of CCD .. 2.8mm is wide angle 8mm is telephoto
80
Irises
Aperture.. Comes in manual irises and automatic irises
81
Foot candle / lux
Illumination measurement. 1 foot candle is 10.76 lux
82
PTZ capabilities
Pan tilt zoom
83
Annunciator system
Used to highlight a screen when there is movement on a display to bring that to a guards attention
84
IDS
Intrusion detection system - devices used to detect movement, temp change, state changes, or waves in the environment
85
Electromechanical systems
Uses magnets, pressure plates, window foil to detect environmental changes
86
Photoelectric system
Detects the change in a light beam (laser)
87
Passive IR
Change in particle temperature indicates possible intrusion
88
Acoustical detection
Listens for sound changes
89
Vibration sensors
Used to detect forced entry
90
Wave pattern motion detectors
Use of ultrasonic or microwave to map a pattern in a room. If the pattern changes an alarm sounds
91
Proximity detector or capacitance detector
Detection of static electricity changes, typically on single object

CISSP (11 decks)

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