- more positive assessment - Never really pampered - most well adjusted - strong drive for superiority - competition

Chapter 5: Psychoanalytic Approach Flashcards by Alyssa Schneider

Neo-Freudian Theory agreement with Freud: Unconscious

key determinant of behavior

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Neo-Freudian Theory agreement with Freud: early childhood

Importance of early childhood experiences on personality but also emphasized later development

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Neo-Freudian Theory agreement with Freud: accepted what?

of defense mechanisms and dream interpretation

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Alder’s idea on humans strength

all humans are frail and weak

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What is central to all personality development according to Adler?

developing feelings of inferiority

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What can developing feelings of inferiority result in?

develop inferiority complex; state of hopelessness/helplessness

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According to Adler, what can parenting styles lead to?

personality problems

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Parenting styles: Pampering (Adler)

too much attention/ protection

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Parenting Styles: Pampering (Adler); as adults

rebellious
overly dependent
entitled
difficulty making decisions

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Parenting Styles: Neglect (Adler)

not enough attention

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Parenting Styles: Neglect (Adler); as adults

lower self-esteem
attention seeking
co dependency
difficulty forming relationships
uncomfortable with intimacy
cold and suspicious

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Birth Order : First Borns

initial attention from parents
pampering = short lived
very strong feelings of inferiority
problem child = neurotic, criminal, drunk, pervert

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Birth Order : Middle

more positive assessment
Never really pampered
most well adjusted
strong drive for superiority
competition

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Birth Order : Last

pampering throughout life

- strong feelings of inferiority because everyone in their immediate environment is older and stronger

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Jung’s levels of unconscious

Personal and Collective

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Jung’s levels of unconscious : Personal

contains repressed thoughts, forgotten experiences and undeveloped ideas

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Jung’s levels of unconscious: Collective

contains memories and behavior patterns inherited from past generations

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Jung’s 3 most influential archetypes

anima
animus
shadow

Anima Archetypes

feminine archetype in the male
when a male behaves in feminine-like ways
e.g. nurturing characteristics normally associated with women

Animus Archetypes

masculine archetype in the female

Shadow Archetypes

dark side of personality
contains negative thoughts/desires; primitive and uncontrolled
Similar to Freud’s Id

Ways Horney differed from Freud

thought Freud overemphasized sexual desires

- environmental factors are the most important influence in shaping personality

According to Horney, anxiety is a stronger motivating force than what?

sexual desires

According to Horney, where and what does anxiety originated from

in childhood, and from parenting behavior

According to Horney, what are the results of neurotically infested homes?

children from these homes are afraid, fearful, insecure, confused and anxious

According to Horney, what are the neurotic styles?

- Moving toward people (submission) - Moving against people (aggression) - Moving away from people (detachment)

Submission

- emphasize helplessness - dependent on others; seek acceptance - as adults: need to be liked/ approved of - in relationships: not givers, takers - extremely clingy

Aggression

- handle anxiety by fighting - push around/ hurt other people - as adults: exploit others/want power - no real relationships - high need for power/control - primary reason for relationships: get something out of it

Detachment

- tune out outside world - strive for self-sufficiency and independence - strong need for privacy - as adults: avoid affection, love and friendship - often described as numb to emotional experiences

Sullivan's personifications

- Not me - Bad me - Good me

Sullivan's personifications: Not Me is associated with what

extreme anxiety

Sullivan's personifications: Not Me threatens what

aspects of self

Sullivan's personifications: Not me can be compared to what

to Freud's "Id"/ Repression defense mechanism

Sullivan's personifications: Bad me is associated with what

anxiety

Sullivan's personifications: Bad me organized around what

experiences with the mother that were not rewarding/disapproved of

Sullivan's personifications: Bad me produces what

negative feelings

Sullivan's personifications: Bad me helps what

understanding desirable/ appropriate behavior

Sullivan's personifications: Bad me exists at what

the conscious level

Sullivan's personifications: Good me includes what

positive, anxiety reducing characteristics

Sullivan's personifications: Good me is organized around

experiences with the mother that were rewarding/ approved of

Sullivan's personifications: Good me exists at what

the conscious level

Sullivan's personifications: Good me what is someone more likely to develop

higher level of self-esteem

Strengths of Neo-Freudian theories

- Elaboration of Freud's work - Emphasized importance of personality development beyond early childhood - Emphasis on social development - More optimistic approach

Weakness of Neo-Freudian Threories

- Not much empirical work (systematic research) - Reliance on earlier theorists - Observations of small number of people: usually disturbed