Chapter 5 - respiration Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is the purpose of respiration ?
to release energy
Is respiration endo/exothermic ?
exothermic
Where does respiration take place ?
The mitochondria which are found in the cell’s cytoplasm.
What’s the equation for aerobic respiration ?
glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water + energy
What is the respiration known as when not enough oxygen is present ?
anaerobic respiration.
When does anaerobic respiration occur ?
during strenuous exercise
What is the negative by-product of anaerobic respiration ?
Lactic acid in the muscles which leads to muscle soreness.
What’s the equation for anaerobic respiration ?
glucose —–> lactic acid + energy
Give the equation for anaerobic respiration by yeast.
glucose —-> alcohol + carbon dioxide + energy
How would you demonstrate anaerobic respiration in yeast ?
- a solution of glucose is boiled
- yeast is added after solution cools
- place a bung and delivery tube over the solution
- place the end of the delivery tube into limewater
- the limewater will go milky showing CO2 is produced
- the original solution will get slightly warmer
Where in the body is the respiratory system found ?
Inside the thorax
What is the respiratory system surrounded by ?
The intercostal muscles and ribs
What is the diaphragm ?
A muscular sheet that aids respiration
Where does air enter the body ?
In the nasal cavity, where it is warmed and filtered before being passed on into the lungs.`
Where does gas exchange occur in humans ?
The alveoli.
How are respiratory surfaces adapted to their function ?
- large surface area
- thin walls with short diffusion distances
- moist walls
- permeable surfaces
- a good blood supply
- a diffusion gradient
What are the main respiratory surfaces in plants ?
Spongy mesophyll cells
What happens when the rubber sheet in a lung model is pulled down ?
The volume inside the jar increases.
This causes the pressure inside the jar to decrease
This causes air to enter the lungs until the pressure inside and outside the jar are equal.
What is the purpose of pleural membranes ?
They line the inside of the chest wall and the outside of the lungs. Their role is to reduce friction during breathing.
What is the space between the pleural membranes called, and what liquid is found inside?
The pleural cavity and pleural fluid.
