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Microbiology Exam 2 > Chapter 5 Review > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Review Flashcards

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1
Q

Are viral infections treated by antibiotics?

A

NO! Antibiotics are for bacterial infections.

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2
Q

How are viral infections treated?

A

1) Antiviral drugs
2) Interferon
3) Vaccines

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3
Q

A drug treatment of viral infections that blocks viral replication. It can have severe side effects.

A

Antiviral drugs

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4
Q

Antiviral drugs

A

Treatment of viral infections; Block viral replication; Can have severe side effects

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5
Q

A treatment of viral infections that naturally occurs in human cells & has some success.

A

Interferon

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6
Q

Interferon

A

A treatment of viral infections
Naturally occurs in human cells
Some success

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7
Q

A treatment of viral infections that is only available for a limited number of viral diseases & prevents viral infections.

A

Vaccines

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8
Q

Vaccines

A

A treatment of viral infections
Only available for a limited number of viral diseases
Prevent viral infections

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9
Q

What is a prion?

A

Infectious protein that causes spongiform (holes in brain) encephalopathies

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10
Q

What diseases are caused by prions?

A

Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease

Kuru

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11
Q

Infectious protein that causes spongiform (holes in brain) encephalopathies

A

Prion

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12
Q

Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease & Kuru are examples of diseases caused by ______?

A

Prions

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13
Q

What is a satellite virus?

A

A virus that is dependent on other viruses for replication

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14
Q

A virus that is dependent on other viruses for replication

A

Satellite virus

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15
Q

Do satellite viruses affect humans?

A

Yes:
Adeno-associated virus (AAV)
Delta Agent

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16
Q

Satellite virus: Adeno-associated virus (AAV)

A

Can only replicate in virally infected cells

No disease

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17
Q

Satellite virus: Delta agent

A

Naked circle of RNA
Expressed in HBV cells
Liver damage

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18
Q

Viroid?

A

Viruslike agents that parasitize plants

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19
Q

Viruslike agents that parasitize plants

A

Viroids

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20
Q

Do viroids affect humans?

A

No, just plants.

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21
Q

What are viroids composed of?

A

One-tenth the size of an average virus
Naked strands of RNA
No capsid
Hurt significant economically important plants: tomatoes, potatoes, cucumbers, citrus trees

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22
Q

Lassa fever

Acute viral hemorrhagic fever

A

ARENAviridae

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23
Q

Hantavirus (spread via rat excrements)

Respiratory infections

A

BUNYAviridae

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24
Q

Norovirus; Norwalk virus

Gastroenteritis

A

CALICIviridae

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25
Upper respiratory infections Coronavirus SARS
CORONAviradae
26
Ebola | Marburg viruses
FILOviridae
27
Arboviruses *mosquitos - Yellow fever - Dengue fever - West Nile
FLAVIviridae
28
Segmented, enveloped Enveloped spikes can agglutinate RBC's Influenza viruses (A. B & C)
ORTHOMYXOviridae
29
Mumps
PARAMYXOviridae
30
``` Enterovirus - Polio & gastroenteritis Rhinovirus -Respiratory infections Hepatitis A virus ```
PICORNAviridae
31
Rabies virus | Neurological disease
RHABDOviridae
32
``` Respiratory, Enteric, Orphan Measles Rotavirus -Gastroenteritis Colorado tick fever ```
REOviridae
33
Reverse transcriptase HIV Oncornavirus (HTLV) -T cell leukemia
RETROviridae
34
Equin encephalitis | St. Louis encephalitis
Togaviridae
35
Lassa fever
ARENAviridae
36
Respiratory infections *multiple RNA viruses
BUNYAviridae CORONAviradae PICORNAviridae REOviridae
37
Acute viral hemorrhagic fever
ARENAviridae
38
Hantavirus
BUNYAviridae
39
Norovirus; Norwalk virus
CALICIviridae
40
Gastroenteritis *multiple RNA viruses
CALCIviridae PICORNAviridae REOviridae
41
Coronavirus & SARS
CORONAviradae
42
Ebola & Marburg viruses
FILOviridae
43
Arboviruses *mosquitos yellow fever dengue fever west nile
FLAVIviridae
44
Segmented & enveloped
ORTHOMYXOviridae
45
Envelope spikes can agglutinate RBC's
ORTHOMYXOviridae
46
Influenza viruses (A, B & C)
ORTHOMYXOviridae
47
Mumps
PARAMYXOviridae
48
Enterovirus | -Polio & Gastroenteritis
PICORNAviridae
49
Hepatitis A virus
PICORNAviridae
50
Rabies virus | Neurological disease
RHABDOviridae
51
Respiratory, Enteric & Orphan
REOviridae
52
Measles
REOviridae
53
Colorado tick fever
REOviridae
54
Reverse transcriptase
RETROviridae
55
HIV
RETROviridae
56
Oncornavirus (HTLV) | -T cell leukemia
RETROviridae
57
Equine encephaltitis
TOGAviridae
58
St. Louis encephalitis
TOGAviridae
59
What best describes a virus?
Obligate intracellular parasites
60
Which of the following is not a type of viral nucleic acid? a) single-stranded DNA b) double-stranded RNA c) double-stranded DNA d) segmented RNA e) All of the types listed are found in viruses
E) ALL OF THE TYPES LISTED ARE FOUND IN VIRUSES
61
Put the phases of the life cycle of animal viruses in the correct order: a) assembly b) penetration c) release d) absorption e) synthesis f) uncoating
``` Absorption Penetration Uncoating Synthesis Assembly Release ```
62
``` Which of the following is not an in vivo method of culturing animal viruses? embryonated chicken eggs guinea pics dog kidney cell culture while mice all of the choices are in vivo methods ```
dog kidney cell culture
63
Cruetzfeldt-Jakob disease and Bovine spongiform encephalopathy are caused by prions. Which of the following best describes a prion? a) viral particle b) naked DNA c) infectious protein d) small bacterium e) naked RNA
c) infectious protein
64
A virus with RNA-dependent RNA polymerase a) synthesizes DNA from an RNA template b) synthesizes double-stranded RNA from an RNA template c) synthesizes double-stranded RNA from a DNA template d) transcribes mRNA from DNA
b) synthesizes double-stranded RNA from an RNA template
65
Which of the following would be the first step in the biosynthesis of a virus with reverse transcriptase? a) a complementary strand of RNA must be synthesized b) Double-stranded RNA must be synthesized c) A complementary strand of DNA must be synthesized from an RNA template d) A complementary strand of DNA must be synthesized from a DNA template
c) A complementary strand of DNA must be synthesized from an RNA template
66
T/F: Antibiotics are an effective method for treating viral infections
FALSE
67
T/F: CALCIviridae are DNA viruses.
FALSE
68
T/F: ORTHOMYXOviridae are segmented RNA viruses.
TRUE
69
T/F: Lysogeny can make a bacteria more pathogenic.
TRUE

Microbiology Exam 2 (2 decks)

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