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Ant - 9G - Science > Chapter 5 - Test Prep > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Test Prep Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the most active metals located

A

1A
The left side

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2
Q

where are the most active nonmetals

A

7A
the right side

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3
Q

As you go from left to right atomic mass (decrease/increase)

REVIEW - Teacher Key states SKIP

A

decrease

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4
Q

as you travel down a group atomic radius (decrease/increase), Why?

A

increase b/c the number of rings increase

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5
Q

A positive ion is (larger/smaller) than its parent atom. Why?

A

Smaller, we took away electrons

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6
Q

A negative Ion is (larger/smaller) than it’s parent atom. Why?

A

Larger, we added more electrons

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7
Q

A negative Ion is (larger/smaller) than it’s parent atom. Why?

A

Larger, we added more electrons

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8
Q

A negative ion is (larger/smaller) than its parent atoms, Why?

A

Larger, because # of rings increases

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9
Q

Elements in group one are called (hint 1 word)

A

Alkali metals

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10
Q

Elements in group two are called (hint 2 words)

A

Alkaline earth metals

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11
Q

As you go left to right on the periodic table, the elements go from (metals/nonmetals) to (metals/nonmetals)

A

metals to non-metals

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12
Q

Elements in groups 3-12 are called

A

transition metals

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13
Q

Group 17 elements are called

A

7A = Halogens

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14
Q

The most active element in group 17

A

Flourine

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15
Q

Group 18 are called, Why?

A

Noble gases

They do not interact with anyone eles

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16
Q

Elements in a group have the same number of ______________ and the same ________

A

valance electrons

Properties

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17
Q

The majority of the elements in the periodic table are (metals/nonmetals)

A

metal

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18
Q

The father of periodic table is

A

Dmitri Mendeleev

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19
Q

Elements in the periodic table are arranged according to their

A

Atomic Number (Mendeleyev use atomic Mass)

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20
Q

what is a metalloid, Where are they Formed?

A
  1. Elements that behave like non-metal sometimes and metals other times
  2. They conduct electricity (like metals) at high-temperatures
  3. Used in computers (microchips “Silicone Valley”)
  4. Located on the Metal Staircase
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21
Q

What physical state does each color represent

Black =
Blue =
Red =
Hollow =

A

Black = Solid
Blue = liquid
Red = gas
Hollow = Man-Made/Unknown State of Matter

22
Q

List the Characteristics physical properties that distinguish the metallic elements from the nonmetallic elements?

A
  1. Luster = shininess
  2. Conductivity = Allows Electricity and heat to pass through
  3. Malleable = bendable/able to be shaped (non-metals are “brittle” break easily)
  4. Ductile = Can shape it into this wires
  5. Dense = contains lots of mass per unit of volume
23
Q

Charactreristics on nonmetallics

A

Poor conducts
Dull appearance
lower melting point

24
Q

What are 8 diatomic elements

A

hydrogen
oxygen
nitrogen
chlorine
bromine
iodine
fluorine
astatine

25
What does it mean to be diatomic?
When an atom likes to bond to another identical atom.
26
What element is in group 4 AND period 5
Sn (Tin) Ant - Zicromium
27
How many elements are in period 4
6 Ant - 18
28
How many elements are in period 6
6 Ant - 32
29
how many metals are in group 14
2 Sn and Pb (ignore row 7)
30
How many gaseous elements are there
11
31
How many elements exist in the liquid state at room temp
2
32
Why are groups sometimes called families?
Because there are many similarities among them, just like similarities among family members
33
Define: actinides
"floating row" at the bottom of the periodic table. Belongs in row 7. Mostly man-made and or radioactive
34
Define: Alkali Metals
Column 1A. Highly reactive metals; explodes in water. Fr is the most reactive ** Excluding Hydrogen. Soft Metals - Cut with a knife
35
Define: alkaline-earth metals
Column 2A. Less reactive than 1A Ca inside bones and teeth and shells Mg use in Photosynthesis
36
Define: anion
An Atom with a negative charge
37
What element category has the most ?
Metal
38
Define: cation
An atom with a positive charge
39
Define: Group
The "A" columns vertical column in the periodic table
40
How many "A" Columns
8
41
Define: Halogens
Column 7A. Highly reactive Non-Metals. Forms diatomic molecules "HONClBrIF"
42
What is the most reactive Halagens?
F is the most reactive
43
Define: ion
An atom with a + or - charge Atoms become ions by gaining or losing Valence e-s atoms lose/gain electrons so there Valence ring is completely or fully empty, which makes them ore stable ions.
44
What is more stable an Ion or an Atom
Ions
45
Define: lanthanides
"Floating row" at the bottom of the periodic table. Ant- Core "Earth Metals" 57 to 71 Belongs in row 6. Mostly Man-made
46
Define: Metal
Metals are one of 3 major categories of elements Most of the Elements are metals (92/118) Lot of diversity, some are colorful (gold, copper) some conduct electricity, and some are malleable All are solids except Hg Many are hard/dense
47
Define: metalloid (semimetal)
There are six within the "Metalloid Staircase" B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te They are used in computer chips because sometimes they conduct electricity and other times they do not
48
Define: non-metal
Most are gasses Some are solids, the solids are non-conductors and are brittle
49
What are the three major element groups?
Metal Metalloids Non-Metals
50
Define: Period
The Rows There are 7 of them Each Period (row) means # of rings
51
Define: Periodic Law
The Columns The idea that elements that have similar properties are grouped into columns, properties repeat themselves within the column
52
Define: Transition "non-metal" elements
Columns 3-12 These non-metals form colorful compounds, often used in paints

Ant - 9G - Science (4 decks)

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