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Ant - 9G - Science > Chapter 6 - Test Prep > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - Test Prep Flashcards

1
Q

Vocab: Chemical Bond aka “Bond”

A

When 2 or more atoms attach to each other through interactions of electrons.

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2
Q

Vocab: Valence

A

The outermost electrons

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3
Q

Vocab: Lewis Diagrams/Lewis Structure

A

Aka “EDD”. A way of drawing only the valence electrons of an atom

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4
Q

Vocab: Ion

A

An Atom w/ a charge

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5
Q

Vocab: Anion

A

a negative ion

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6
Q

Vocab: Cation

A

a positive ion

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7
Q

Vocab: ionic bond

A

a bond between a metal cation & non-metal anion

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8
Q

Vocab: ionization energy

A

The energy needed to remove an electron from an atom

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9
Q

Vocab: Crystal Lattice

A

A highly organized, alternating structure of ionic bonded molecule

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10
Q

What is the difference between an atom and an ion?

A

Atom has no charge and the ion does

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11
Q

Understand the nature of ionic bonds: What two types of atoms do ionic bonds from between?

A

(+) cation & (-) anion

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12
Q

Understand the nature of ionic bonds: Describe the nature of how electrons become a pair?

A

One gives an e- one gets an e-

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13
Q

Drawing Lewis Diagrams/structures of atoms AND those same atoms as they become ions: Draw Sodium as an Atom

A

Atom: NA (dot over top)
Ion: Na +1

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14
Q

Writing Chemical Formulas when given the ionic compound name and Naming Ionic compounds when given chemical formulas. What is the naming rule:

A

Cation
Anion + “idle”

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15
Q

Vocab: Covalent Bond

A

An attraction between 2 or more atoms caused by sharing electrons

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16
Q

Vocab: There are 2 Types of covalent bonds, based on how equally the shared electrons are actually “shared”

A

Polar Covalent Bond
Non-Polar Covalent Bond

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17
Q

Vocab: What is a Polar Covalent Bond

A

Unequal sharing (Asymmetrical Compounds)

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18
Q

Vocab: What is a Non-Polar Covalent Bond

A

Equal Sharing (Symmetrical Compounds)

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19
Q

Vocab: Single Bond

A

When 2 atoms share 2 electrons

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20
Q

Vocab: Double Bond

A

When 2 atoms share 4 electrons

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21
Q

Vocab: Triple Bond

A

When 2 atoms share 6 electrons

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22
Q

Vocab: Diatomic Molecule

A

A Molecule w/ 2 of the same atoms (eg: Br2, Cl2, O2, H2)

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23
Q

What two types of atoms do covalent bonds form between?

A

2 Non-Metals

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24
Q

Describe the nature of how electrons become a pair?

A

Sharing

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25
how electrons become pairs different from ionic bonds?
sharing vs. giving/taking
26
Vocab: Describe: "Sea of Electrons"
if non-metals are around to accept the electrons the metal wants to give away, the metals give their e-'s up anayway. and these float all around the metals. It is therefor said that metals exist in a "sea of electrons".
27
Vocab: Alloy
A substance made from 2 materials, 1 of which must be a metal
28
Vocab: Metallic Bond
Related to the metal cation and the "sea of electrons" given up by all of the metals
29
Things to know: What is "Hydroxide"
The name of an anion of Oxygen and Hydrogen. "HO-" tthis anoin has it's own name because it is so common
30
Which elements on the periodic table represent a stable electron configuration without losing or gaining electrons?
8A Noble Gases
31
Why do atoms tend to gain or lose electrons?
to have a stable valance ring
32
What are used to represent valence electrons in a Lewis Dot Diagram
Dots
33
Ionization tends to increase as you _____________ the period table
Move left to right
34
In an ionic bond, what are transfered?
valence electron
35
What does a subscript represent?
The number of atoms before the subscript
36
A molecule is more than one atom in a ______________ bond
covalent
37
A bond with metal and a nonmetal is a _____________ bond
ionic
38
A bond with nonmetal and a nonmetal is a ___________ bond
covalent
39
A bond with a metal and a metal is a __________________ bond
Metalic
40
A dash in a "structural formula" can be used to represent what type of bond?
single covalent
41
In a polar covalent bond, ______________ are not shared equally. Polar molecules have a ________________ boiling point.
electrons higher
42
Copper forms this type of ion.
Positive (cation)
43
Transition metals form many differing __________ ions
positive
44
The prefix "di-" represents
2 atoms
45
A positive ion is called a _________
cation
46
A negative ion is called a __________
anion
47
Metals are good conductors of electricity because____________ are free to move between them
electrons
48
An alloy of mainly copper is ____________?
bronze
49
______________ compounds form brittle solids (Covalent or ionic)
ionic
50
In an ionic compound, the suffix ____________ is added to the nonmetal
ide
51
In an ionic compound the sum of the charges of all cations and anions must equal equal _______
zero
52
To produce stainless steel, these must be added to the:
Manganese, sulfur, carbon/silicon, phosphorous, Chromium
53
Which group has as a stable electron configuration
Noble Gas
54
A dot diagram shows an elements symbols and the number of
valence e-s
55
Atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a_____________________
full/empty outer level
56
Which metals are the most reactive:
Alkali Metal's - Francium
57
Which NONmetals are the most reactive:
Halogens - Flourine
58
A Type of bond in which elements are transferred
ionic
59
metals that form positive ions are called
cations
60
nonmetals form negative ions called
anoins
61
An ionic bond is between a ___________ and a _________
Metal Non-Metal
62
Ionic compounds tend to do what when struck with a hammer
"Shatter"
63
Metallic compounds tend to do what when struck with a hammer
Only "Dent"
64
In an ionic bond, which element is written first in the formula
Cation
65
What type of lattice due ionic compounds form?
Crystal
66
In NaCL, what is the ratio of sodium atoms to chroline atoms
1 to 1 (1|1)
67
What is the name of NaCL compound?
Sodium Chloride
68
In Sodium Chloride, what do you add to the nonmetal to get the name?
ide
69
In CaCl2, what is the ratio of calcium atoms to chlorine atoms?
1 to 2 (1|2)
70
What does the subscript 2 mean in CaCl2?
there are 2 atoms of Cl
71
In an ionic compound the sum of the charges must________
balance out
72
What are molecules?
Cluster of atoms which are bonded together
73
Molecules only contains what type of elements?
Non-Metals
74
If two atoms of the same nonmetal element react, they are often called?
Diatomic
75
What do the dashes represent in a chemical formula?
a bond
76
How do you draw a molecule with a double bond?
O = O
77
How do you draw a molecule with a triple bond?
78
A polar bond occurs because:
unequal sharing of shared electrons
79
What is about the shape of a polar bond?
asymetry
80
What does: Mono Di Tri Mean?
1 2 3
81
This bond forms from the attraction between a metal cation and shared pool of electrons
Metalic
82
A Metalic bond, formed from the attraction between a metal cation and shared pool of electrons allows metal to _______________ electricity
conducts
83
What does ductile mean?
drawn into wire
84
Convert to names or names to formulas: P2O5
diPhosphorus Pentoxide
85
Convert to names or names to formulas: K3N
Potassium Nitride
86
Convert to names or names to formulas: Boron Bromide
BBr3
87
Convert to names or names to formulas: Carbon Tetrachloride
CCl4
88
Label the following as non-polar covalent (NPC), polar covalent (PC) or ionic (I): Al2S3
I
89
Label the following as non-polar covalent (NPC), polar covalent (PC) or ionic (I): CF4
NPC
90
Label the following as non-polar covalent (NPC), polar covalent (PC) or ionic (I): NO2
PC
91
Label the following as non-polar covalent (NPC), polar covalent (PC) or ionic (I): NH3
PC
92
Hi
Hi
93
Label the following as non-polar covalent (NPC), polar covalent (PC) or ionic (I): N2
NPC
94
Label the following as non-polar covalent (NPC), polar covalent (PC) or ionic (I): Na2N
I
95
Label the following as non-polar covalent (NPC), polar covalent (PC) or ionic (I): CO
PC
96

Ant - 9G - Science (4 decks)

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