Chapter 5 - The human resource management function: the employment cycle

Question 1

What are the 2 things job analysis examine?

Answer 1

• job activities

- experience

Question 2

What are 2 benefits of job design?

Answer 2

• greater job satisfaction may result in lower staff turnover: employees want to do their best
• good job design takes into consideration employees needs and how the job can be more enjoyable

Question 3

What are types of 3 ways a job can be designed? (job design)

Answer 3

job rotation - employees switch jobs for a period of time
job enlargement - employees given more things to do in same job
job enrichment - employees given more control and independence

Question 4

What are 2 advantages of internal recruitment?

Answer 4

• employer already knows how the employee works and the employee is already familiar with bus’s operation
• Often occurs when person is promoted which provides a strong motivation for current employees

Question 5

What are 2 disadvantages of internal recruitment?

Answer 5

• Might be someone externally who can perform the job better
• May not be able to bring in new perspectives from other organisations that can potentially transform the business

Question 6

What are 2 ways an organisation may recruit someone externally?

Answer 6

Recruitment agencies

Advertisements in the media

Question 7

What are 2 disadvantages of poor selection?

Answer 7

• training costs, if poorly qualified staff are selected

- job dissatisfaction if job doesn’t meet expectations of candidates selected (lower productivity)

Question 8

What 3 devices can be used in the selection process?

Answer 8

• Resume: candidates outline info about themselves
• Interviews: well structured and common q’s to ensure consistent basis for selection
• Medical examinations: some jobs require certain attributes

Question 9

What are two types of permanent employment? (most secure)

Answer 9

full time (usually 38hrs a week)
part time (agreed no. of hours)

Question 10

How can remuneration be paid?

Answer 10

in the form of a wage or a salary

Question 11

what are 2 incentives an organisation can provide for employees?

Answer 11

financial incentives (bonuses, allowances)
other rewards (company car, laptop)

Question 12

What are 2 main types of on-costs?

Answer 12

Superannuation

Annual leave

Question 13

What are 2 advantages of an induction program?

Answer 13

• outlines employees responsibilities (employees know what is expected from them from the start)
• helping to establish good working relations with co-workers and supervisors (reduces stress)

Question 14

What are 2 benefits of training and development for employees?

Answer 14

• opportunity for promotion because they are able to take on more responsibility
• improved job satisfaction through better job performance

Question 15

What are 2 benefits of training for the organisation?

Answer 15

• Higher productivity through better job performance

- reduced costs to fewer errors and accidents

Question 16

What are 2 types of training methods available to organisations? plus 1 example of each

Answer 16

On-the-job experience - coaching (on the job mentoring programs)
going to a conference - developing knowledge, which gives you the skills you need

Question 17

what are 2 advantages of a recognition and rewards program?

Answer 17

• makes employees feel more valued as their hard work is noticed
• recognising/rewarding employee performance helps organisations become more productive

Question 18

What are 2 intrinsic rewards?

Answer 18

job - interesting work, responsibility

Question 19

What are 2 types of extrinsic rewards?

Answer 19

pay increase, company car

Question 20

what are the 2 objectives of a performance appraisal?

Answer 20

Identify - employees training and development needs

Measurement - act as a measurement from which promotions/pay rises can be determined

Question 21

what are 2 ways you can help people when terminating them? (ethics and social responsibility) plus examples

Answer 21

• outplacement services eg. interview skills workshops

- transition services eg. counselling and financial assistance (paid for by organisation)

Question 22

what are 2 entitlements the HR manager must consider in termination?

Answer 22

• redundancy pay

- Annual leave balance

Question 23

what is a summary dismissal and dismissal on notice?

Answer 23

summary dismissal - employee commits serious breach of contract and leaves straight away

dismissal on notice - employee is not performing job well and has a set time to leave

Question 24

what must a manager think about when terminating employees?

Answer 24

• minimising trauma for employee

- make sure it doesn’t effect the morale of remaining staff

Question 25

What are the 4 processes associated with the establishment phase?

Answer 25

• job analysis and job design
• human resource planning related to bus strategy
• recruitment and selection (internal, external)
• employee arrangements (full time, part time etc.)

Question 26

what are the 4 processes associated with the maintenance phase?

Answer 26

• induction
• training and development
• recognition and rewards
• performance management

Question 27

what are 2 processes associated with the termination phase?

Answer 27

• entitlement (making sure redundancy is paid out)

- transition issues (e.g outplacement services, transition services)

Question 28

What are 3 things a HR manager must plan in relation to business strategy? (HR planning) how, what who

Answer 28

• The number of employees required (how many)
• Their qualifications, including skills, previous experience and knowledge (who)
• When and where these employees will be needed (what do they need to do)

Question 29

what is an example of the relationship between HR planning and bus strategy?

Answer 29

objective = increased profitability by reducing bus costs
HR = must avoid having too many employees on the payroll, if there are too many they have to plan for reduction

Question 30

Why is it important to pay employees properly? (remuneration) 3

Answer 30

• increases employee motivation
• lowering rates of absenteeism
• attracts and retains good employees

Question 31

What is the difference between job analysis and job design?

Answer 31

• Job analysis sources material to create a job description, job specification and job design
• whereas job design is the creation or restructuring of a new job

Question 32

what are 2 types of methods for performance appraisals?

Answer 32

• essay method

- critical incident method