Chapter 5 - The Religious Setting Flashcards
(31 cards)
Monotheism
Belief in only one true God. Fist great monotheistic religion
Yahweh (Lord)
Israel’s covenant name for God
Covenant
A solemn binding agreement between two parties.
The Bible is structured around Gods covenant relationship with his people
Torah (the law)
The law given by God to Israel through Moses. Like the commandments given by God, etc
Jerusalem temple
The central place of worship for Israel. Sacrifices were to be made only in the Jerusalem temple
Synagogues
the local Jewish meeting places used for worship, study, assemblies, and social events
Tabernacle
The portable temple, also called “the tent of meeting,” which the Israelites carried with them through the wilderness
Levites
descendants of Levi
Priests
Levites from the family of Aaron, who served as priests in the temple
High priest
The highest religious office in Judaism. The the high priests oversaw temple worship and the religious life of the Jews
Caiaphas
Jewish high priest from AD 18-36, and so the high priests during Jesus’ public
Sanhedrin
The Jewish high court
Scribes
Experts in the law of Moses
Sadducees
A religious and political party in first-century Judaism made up mostly of the priestly leadership and aristocracy
Pharisees
A religious and political party in first-century Judaism which strictly adhered to purity laws and the law of Moses, both the written law and the oral tradition
Son of David
A traditional messianic title referring to the messiah’s descent from the line of David, Israel’s greatest king
Essenes
A Jewish sect which rigorously kept the law and often lived in monastic communities. The Dead Sea scrolls were probably an essene library
Qumran
A Jewish community near the Dead Sea which likely produced the Dead Sea scrolls. Most scholars believe the Qumran community were Essenes
Dead Sea scrolls
An ancient library discovered in caves near the Dead Sea in 1947 and likely associated with the first-century Jewish community at Qumran
Eschatology, eschatological
Referring to the end times, God’s time of final salvation
Zealots
Jewish insurrectionists who engaged in revolutionary activities against the Roman authorities
Apocalypticism
A Jewish movement beginning in the second century BC which looked to Gods imminent intervention in history to judge the wicked and reward the righteous
Davidic messiah
Jewish expectation for an end-times king descended from David who would reign over Israel in righteousness and justice
Josephus
First century Jewish historian, our most important extrabiblical source for the history and culture of the first - century Judaism
