chapter 5 vocab Flashcards
(18 cards)
the pattern formed when light passes through a prism or diffraction grating to separate it into the different frequencies of light it contains
atomic emission spectrum
the height of a wave’s crest
amplitude
a mathematical expression describing the probability of finding an electron at various locations
atomic orbital
the rule that electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy first
aufbau principle
energy waves that travel in a vacuum at the speed of 2.998 X 10^8 m/s
electromagnetic raditation
the arrangement of electrons of an atom in its ground state into various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms
electron configuration
the specific energies an electron in an atom of other system can have
energy level
the number of wave cycles that pass a given point per unit of time
frequency
the lowest possible energy of an atom described by quantum mechanics
ground state
it is impossible to know exactly both the velocity and the position of a particle at the same time
Heisenberg uncertainty principle
the unit if frequency, equal to in cycle per second
hertz
electrons occupy orbital of the same energy in a way that makes the number or electrons with the same spin direction as large as possible
hund’s rule
an atomic orbital may describe at most two electrons, each with opposite spin direction
pauli exclusion principle
a quantum of light; discrete bundle of electromagnetic energy that interacts with matter similarly to particles
photons
the amount of energy needed to move an electron from the energy level to another
quantum
the modern description, principle marily mathematical, of the behavior of electrons in atoms
quantum mechanical model
wavelengths of visible light that are separated when a beam of light passes through a prism
spectrum
The distance between adjacent crest of a wave
wavelength
