Chapter 6-10

Question 1

Muscular system movement

Answer 1

all require energy

Question 2

Where do muscles come from?

Answer 2

mesenchymal cells

Question 3

Mesenchymal cells

Answer 3

various locations throughout embryo

Question 4

Functions of Muscular System

Answer 4

• produce movement of skeleton
• maintain posture and body position
• support soft tissue
• guard entrances and exits
• maintain body temperature

Question 5

Endomysium

Answer 5

surrounds each individual cell

Question 6

Tendon sheaths

Answer 6

reduce friction

Question 7

Trigger for muscle contraction

Answer 7

calcium ions released by the SR

Question 8

Proprioception

Answer 8

recruiting more muscle units when in an unstable environment

Question 9

Muscle Mechanics

Answer 9

force generated can be increased by increasing frequency of action potentials or by recruiting additional motor units

Question 10

What are muscles producing at rest?

Answer 10

glycogen

Question 11

Most deep ab muscle?

Answer 11

transverse abdominis

Question 12

SITS

Answer 12

supraspinatus, infraspinaturs, teres minor, subscapularis

Question 13

Sartorius

Answer 13

crosses one leg over another

Question 14

osteocytes

Answer 14

within lacuna (holes) in matrix and between lamellae of matrix

Question 15

Osteoclasts

Answer 15

breakdown bone and source of acid, enzymes for oseolysis

Question 16

Osteoblasts

Answer 16

responsible osteogenesis (new bone)

Question 17

Growth hormone decrease

Answer 17

after and during puberty

Question 18

What does growth hormone cause?

Answer 18

increased epiphyseal activity

Question 19

Low growth hormone

Answer 19

decreased epiphyseal activity

Question 20

PTH cause increased activity of what cell?

Answer 20

osteoclasts = release Ca2+

Question 21

Sella turcica and sphenoid bone protect what?

Answer 21

pituitary gland

Question 22

Sinuses structure and function

Answer 22

light weight, triangles = strong

Question 23

A joint

Answer 23

cannot be both highly mobile and very strong

Question 24

Intervertebral discs

Answer 24

absorb shock

Question 25

ACL and PCL

Answer 25

cruciate ligaments that limit the anterior and posterior movement of the knee

Question 26

Supraspinatus

Answer 26

abduction

Question 27

Infraspinatus

Answer 27

external rotation

Question 28

Teres minor

Answer 28

external rotation

Question 29

Subscaupularis

Answer 29

internal rotation