Chapter 6 Flashcards
affronted
Type of word: Adjective (Past Participle)
Meaning(s):
1. Offended, insulted, or hurt, typically due to a disrespectful or rude action, statement, or behavior.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 受冒犯的，受侮辱的，受伤害的，通常是由于不尊重或无礼的行为、言论或举止而引起的。
Antonyms:
1. Pleased, complimented
Synonyms:
1. Insulted, offended
Sample sentence(s):
1. She felt affronted by his condescending remarks during the meeting.
2. His disrespectful behavior affronted many of his colleagues, leading to strained relationships at work.
alcove
Type of word: Noun
Meaning(s):
1. A small, recessed area or niche in a room, typically with an arched or partially enclosed design, often used for decoration, storage, or as a cozy seating arrangement.
2. A sheltered or secluded space, often outdoors, that provides a sense of privacy or protection.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 房间中的小型凹处或壁龛，通常带有拱形或部分封闭的设计，常用于装饰、储物或作为舒适的座位布置。
2. 一个遮蔽或隐蔽的空间，通常在户外，提供一种隐私或保护感。
Antonyms:
1. Open space, plain wall
2. Exposed area, open landscape
Synonyms:
1. Niche, recess
2. Shelter, hideaway
Sample sentence(s):
1. She created a reading nook in the alcove by the window, filled with cushions and books.
2. The hidden alcove in the garden was the perfect spot for a quiet picnic away from the crowds.
bloodthirstiness
Type of word: Noun
Meaning(s):
1. A strong desire for violence or a craving for bloodshed, often associated with a ruthless or brutal nature.
2. A disposition or inclination toward cruelty, aggression, or a readiness to engage in violent acts.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 对暴力的强烈渴望或渴望流血，通常与无情或残忍的性质相关。
2. 倾向于残酷、侵略或准备参与暴力行为的性情或倾向。
Antonyms:
1. Peacefulness, compassion
2. Gentleness, nonviolence
Synonyms:
1. Brutality, ferocity
2. Cruelty, aggression
Sample sentence(s):
1. The bloodthirstiness of the character in the movie shocked the audience with its graphic violence.
2. The dictator’s bloodthirstiness led to countless atrocities and suffering in the country.
colossus
Type of word: Noun
Meaning(s):
1. A person or thing of enormous size, importance, or power, often used to describe someone or something that is exceptionally large or influential.
2. A representation of a gigantic statue, often resembling a human figure, such as the Colossus of Rhodes, which was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 巨大的人或事物，通常用来描述某人或某事物特别庞大或具有巨大的影响力。
2. 巨大雕像的代表，通常类似于人形，如罗得岛的巨像，它是古代世界七大奇迹之一。
Antonyms:
1. Insignificant, small
2. Miniature, small sculpture
Synonyms:
1. Giant, behemoth
2. Monument, statue
Sample sentence(s):
1. The entrepreneur was a colossus in the technology industry, leading multiple successful companies.
2. The Colossus of Rhodes was a massive statue of the sun god Helios that once stood at the entrance to the harbor of Rhodes.
comet
Type of word: Noun
Meaning(s):
1. A celestial object consisting of a nucleus of ice and dust that orbits the sun in a highly elliptical path, often characterized by a bright, glowing coma (a cloud of gas and dust) and a tail that points away from the sun due to solar radiation and the solar wind.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 彗星，天体，由冰和尘埃组成的天体，以高度椭圆形的轨道围绕太阳运转，通常具有明亮、发光的彗核（一团气体和尘埃云）和一个尾巴，由于太阳辐射和太阳风，尾巴指向远离太阳的方向。
Antonyms:
N/A
Synonyms:
N/A
Sample sentence(s):
1. Halley’s Comet is one of the most famous comets and is visible from Earth approximately once every 76 years.
2. Astronomers study comets to learn more about the early solar system and the origins of celestial bodies.
conspiracies
Type of word: Noun (Plural)
Meaning(s):
1. Secret plans or schemes by a group of individuals to carry out illegal or harmful activities, often involving deception or subterfuge.
2. Beliefs or theories that suggest the existence of hidden or covert plots, often involving powerful groups or organizations, which are believed to manipulate events for their own benefit.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 由一群个体秘密策划的进行非法或有害活动的计划或阴谋，通常涉及欺骗或诡计。
2. 暗示存在隐秘或秘密阴谋的信仰或理论，通常涉及到强大的团体或组织，被认为是为了自己的利益而操控事件。
Antonyms:
1. Open actions, transparency
2. Facts, truth
Synonyms:
1. Plots, schemes
2. Conspiracies, intrigues
Sample sentence(s):
1. The authorities uncovered a conspiracy to defraud the company of millions of dollars.
2. Some people are drawn to conspiracy theories that claim secret organizations control world events for their own nefarious purposes.
credulous
Type of word: Adjective
Meaning(s):
1. Tending to believe or trust things too easily, often without sufficient evidence or skepticism; gullible.
2. Willing to accept something as true or valid without critical examination.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 倾向于过于容易相信或信任事物，通常没有足够的证据或怀疑心；轻信的
2. 愿意接受某事为真或有效，而不经过批判性的审查。
Antonyms:
1. Skeptical, cautious
2. Doubtful, incredulous
Synonyms:
1. Gullible, naive
2. Trusting, unquestioning
Sample sentence(s):
1. The scam artist took advantage of the credulous individuals who believed in get-rich-quick schemes.
2. His credulous nature made him vulnerable to believing in conspiracy theories without questioning their validity.
daredevil
Type of word: Noun
Meaning(s):
1. A person who engages in dangerous or risky activities, often seeking excitement, adrenaline rushes, or to defy conventional norms or limitations.
2. Someone who is willing to take great risks or engage in adventurous and daring feats without fear.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 一个参与危险或冒险活动的人，通常寻求刺激、肾上腺飙升或挑战传统规范或限制。
2. 愿意冒很大风险或参与冒险和大胆壮举而不感到害怕的人。
Antonyms:
1. Cautious person, risk-averse individual
2. Timid person, fearful individual
Synonyms:
1. Thrill-seeker, stunt performer
2. Adventurer, risk-taker
Sample sentence(s):
1. The daredevil performed death-defying stunts on his motorcycle, thrilling audiences around the world.
2. Her friends often described her as a daredevil, as she was always eager to try new and adventurous activities.
devotion
Type of word: Noun
Meaning(s):
1. A strong feeling of love, loyalty, or dedication towards a person, cause, or activity.
2. The act of committing oneself wholeheartedly to a particular belief, purpose, or practice.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 对某人、事业或活动的强烈的爱、忠诚或奉献感。
2. 全身心地投入到特定信仰、目的或实践中的行为。
Antonyms:
1. Indifference, apathy
2. Disloyalty, abandonment
Synonyms:
1. Loyalty, affection
2. Commitment, dedication
Sample sentence(s):
1. Her devotion to her family was evident in the sacrifices she made for their well-being.
2. The monk’s lifelong devotion to meditation and spiritual growth was inspirational to his followers.
dignitaries
Type of word: Noun (Plural)
Meaning(s):
1. People who hold high positions of authority, honor, or importance, often in government, diplomacy, or other influential roles.
2. Prominent or respected individuals who are recognized for their achievements or contributions in a specific field.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 担任政府、外交或其他有影响力角色的高级职位的人，通常拥有权威、荣誉或重要性。
2. 因在特定领域的成就或贡献而被认可的杰出或受尊敬的个体。
Antonyms:
1. Commoners, civilians
2. Unknowns, nobodies
Synonyms:
1. Officials, statesmen
2. Luminaries, leaders
Sample sentence(s):
1. The dignitaries from various countries gathered for the international summit to discuss global issues.
2. The awards ceremony was attended by dignitaries from the world of science, arts, and literature.
encampment
Type of word: Noun
Meaning(s):
1. A temporary settlement or place where a group of people, especially travelers, soldiers, or nomads, establish a camp, often for shelter, rest, or a specific purpose.
2. The act or process of setting up such a temporary camp.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 临时安置点或一群人，尤其是旅行者、士兵或游牧民族，建立一个营地，通常是为了遮蔽、休息或特定目的。
2. 设立这种临时营地的行为或过程。
Antonyms:
1. Permanent settlement, town
2. Disbandment, dispersal
Synonyms:
1. Camp, campground
2. Camping, pitching
Sample sentence(s):
1. The explorer’s encampment in the wilderness provided a safe haven from the harsh elements.
2. The encampment of the troops was strategically located near the river to secure their supply lines.
exasperated
Type of word: Adjective
Meaning(s):
1. Feeling or displaying a strong sense of frustration, annoyance, or irritation, often due to a challenging situation, repeated annoyance, or the actions of others.
2. Marked by a state of extreme annoyance or exasperation.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 因困难情况、反复烦恼或他人的行为而感到或表现出强烈的挫败、恼怒或愤怒。
2. 具有极度挫败或恼怒的状态。
Antonyms:
1. Calm, composed
2. Content, satisfied
Synonyms:
1. Frustrated, irritated
2. Annoyed, aggravated
Sample sentence(s):
1. After dealing with the technical issues for hours, she felt exasperated and ready to give up.
2. His constant interruptions during the meeting left his colleagues feeling exasperated and unable to make progress on the agenda.
fanatical
Type of word: Adjective
Meaning(s):
1. Showing excessive and irrational enthusiasm or zeal, often to an extreme or fanatical degree, especially for a particular belief, cause, or activity.
2. Possessed by or exhibiting intense and uncompromising devotion or dedication to a cause, ideology, or religious belief.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 表现出过度和非理性的热情或狂热，通常达到极端或狂热的程度，尤其是对特定信仰、事业或活动。
2. 具有或表现出对事业、意识形态或宗教信仰的强烈和不妥协的忠诚或奉献。
Antonyms:
1. Moderate, balanced
2. Indifferent, apathetic
Synonyms:
1. Zealous, extremist
2. Devoted, dedicated
Sample sentence(s):
1. His fanatical support for his favorite sports team led him to attend every game, rain or shine.
2. The cult’s fanatical leader had a strong influence over his followers, who were willing to do anything for the cause.
fleece
Type of word: Verb
Meaning(s):
1. To deceive or swindle someone, typically by extracting money or goods from them through dishonest or fraudulent means.
2. To shear the wool from a sheep or similar animal for the purpose of obtaining their fleece, which is used to make woolen products.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 欺骗或诈骗某人，通常通过不诚实或欺诈手段向他们索取金钱或货物。
2. 为了获得它们的羊毛，通常用于制作毛织品，剪下羊或类似动物的羊毛。
Antonyms:
1. Honest, deal fairly
2. Shear, clip
Synonyms:
1. Cheat, swindle
2. Shear, clip
Sample sentence(s):
1. The fraudulent company tried to fleece unsuspecting customers by selling them fake products.
2. The farmer would fleece the sheep every spring to gather the wool for spinning into yarn.
flotilla
Type of word: Noun
Meaning(s):
1. A fleet or group of boats, ships, or naval vessels, often organized for a specific purpose or mission.
2. A large group of similar or coordinated objects or vehicles, often moving together.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 一支船只、舰船或海军舰艇的舰队或群体，通常组织为特定目的或任务。
2. 一大群相似或协调的物体或车辆，通常一起移动。
Antonyms:
1. Single vessel, lone boat
2. Isolated objects, scattered items
Synonyms:
1. Fleet, armada
2. Convoy, procession
Sample sentence(s):
1. The flotilla of fishing boats set out early in the morning to catch the day’s haul of fish.
2. The parade featured a flotilla of vintage cars, each meticulously restored and maintained by its owner.
frenzies
Type of word: Noun (Plural)
Meaning(s):
1. Intense and uncontrolled periods of excitement, agitation, or wild behavior, often characterized by a lack of rationality or self-control.
2. A state of extreme enthusiasm or passion for something, often to the point of obsession.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 强烈而不受控制的兴奋、激动或狂野行为的时期，通常表现为缺乏理性或自我控制。
2. 对某事物的极端热情或热情状态，通常到了痴迷的程度。
Antonyms:
1. Calmness, composure
2. Apathy, indifference
Synonyms:
1. Excitements, frenetic activity
2. Obsessions, infatuations
Sample sentence(s):
1. The frenzies of the fans reached a peak when their favorite band took the stage.
2. His frenzies for collecting rare coins led him to travel the world in search of valuable additions to his collection.
glinting
Type of word: Verb (Present Participle)
Meaning(s):
1. Shining or sparkling with a brief, bright, and often sharp or flickering light, often used to describe the reflection of light off a surface.
2. Giving a glimpse or hint of something, often used metaphorically.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 闪烁着短暂、明亮、锐利或闪烁的光芒，通常用来描述光线从表面反射出来。
2. 给人一瞥或一点暗示，通常在比喻性语境中使用。
Antonyms:
1. Dull, dim
2. Concealing, hiding
Synonyms:
1. Sparkling, gleaming
2. Hinting, suggesting
c
Sample sentence(s):
1. The stars were glinting in the night sky, creating a beautiful celestial display.
2. Her eyes had a mischievous glinting, suggesting that she had a secret plan in mind.
gloomily
Type of word: Adverb
Meaning(s):
1. In a manner characterized by darkness, sadness, or a lack of hope, often with a sense of foreboding or pessimism.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 以黑暗、悲伤或缺乏希望为特征的方式，通常伴随着不祥或悲观的感觉。
Antonyms:
1. Cheerfully, optimistically
Synonyms:
1. Darkly, somberly
2. Pessimistically, despondently
Sample sentence(s):
1. He looked at the storm clouds gathering and said gloomily, “I think it’s going to rain all day.”
2. She sat alone in her room, gloomily contemplating the recent turn of events in her life.
gooey
Type of word: Adjective
Meaning(s):
1. Having a soft, sticky, and viscous texture, often used to describe substances that are thick and adhesive.
2. Excessively sentimental or emotional, often used to describe expressions of affection or sentimentality that may be considered overly sweet or cloying.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 具有柔软、粘稠和黏性质地的，通常用来描述浓稠和粘附性的物质。
2. 过于多情或情感过于沉重，通常用来描述可能被认为过于甜腻的情感或感情表达。
Antonyms:
1. Dry, firm
2. Unemotional, unsentimental
Synonyms:
1. Sticky, syrupy
2. Sentimental, mushy
Sample sentence(s):
1. The dessert was so gooey and sweet that it practically melted in your mouth.
2. The movie’s gooey love scenes brought tears to the eyes of the audience.
handmaidens
Type of word: Noun (Plural)
Meaning(s):
1. Female servants or attendants, often used in a historical or formal context.
2. Figuratively, individuals or entities that serve or assist in a subservient or supportive role, often to a more powerful or influential person or entity.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 女仆或女侍，通常在历史或正式语境中使用。
2. 在比喻性语境中，指在辅助或支持的角色中提供服务的个体或实体，通常是为更有权势或有影响力的个人或实体提供服务。
Antonyms:
1. Masters, employers
2. Leaders, independent entities
Synonyms:
1. Maids, servants
2. Assistants, aides
Sample sentence(s):
1. The handmaidens in the palace attended to the needs of the queen and her guests.
2. Technology has become a handmaiden to modern business, facilitating communication and efficiency in various industries.
lamented
Type of word: Verb (Past Tense)
Meaning(s):
1. To express grief, sorrow, or regret for something or someone, often through mourning, wailing, or verbal expressions of sadness.
2. To express deep disappointment or sadness about a situation or event.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 表达对某事或某人的悲伤、悲痛或遗憾，通常通过哀悼、哭泣或口头表达悲伤。
2. 对一种情况或事件表达深切的失望或悲伤。
Antonyms:
1. Rejoiced, celebrated
2. Accepted, embraced
Synonyms:
1. Mourned, grieved
2. Bemoaned, deplored
Sample sentence(s):
1. The family lamented the loss of their beloved pet dog, holding a small funeral in its memory.
2. The community lamented the closure of the local library, as it had been a cherished resource for generations.
mused
Type of word: Verb (Past Tense)
Meaning(s):
1. To engage in deep thought or contemplation, often accompanied by a sense of reflection or introspection.
2. To ponder or consider something deeply, typically in a reflective or thoughtful manner.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 进行深思熟虑或思考，通常伴随着反思或内省的感觉。
2. 深思熟虑或思考某事物，通常以反思或深思熟虑的方式。
Antonyms:
1. Disregarded, neglected
2. Decided, acted
Synonyms:
1. Contemplated, reflected
2. Pondered, thought
Sample sentence(s):
1. As he gazed out the window, he mused on the mysteries of the universe.
2. She mused over the meaning of the poem, trying to decipher its hidden messages.
verge
Type of word: Noun
Meaning(s):
1. The edge, brink, or border of something, often referring to a boundary or limit.
2. The point at which something is about to happen, typically a significant change or event.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 某物的边缘、边界或边缘，通常指边界或极限。
2. 某事即将发生的时刻，通常是重大变化或事件的发生点。
Antonyms:
1. Center, middle
2. Delay, postpone
Synonyms:
1. Edge, brink
2. Threshold, point
Sample sentence(s):
1. The hikers stood on the verge of the cliff, gazing down at the breathtaking view below.
2. The company was on the verge of bankruptcy before a last-minute investment saved it from financial ruin.
primal
Type of word: Adjective
Meaning(s):
1. Relating to or characteristic of the earliest or original state or condition of something.
2. Of or pertaining to the most basic or fundamental aspects or elements, often associated with a sense of simplicity or purity.
Chinese Meaning(s):
1. 与某物最早或最原始的状态或条件相关的。
2. 与最基本或最基本的方面或元素有关，通常与一种简单或纯粹的感觉相关。
Antonyms:
1. Modern, advanced
2. Complex, sophisticated
Synonyms:
1. Primitive, original
2. Fundamental, elemental
Sample sentence(s):
1. The primal instincts of survival can be observed in many animal species.
2. The artist aimed to capture the primal beauty of nature in his paintings, focusing on its essential elements.
