Chapter 6

Question 0

The process by which atoms or groups of atoms in substances are recognized into different substances

Answer 0

Chemical reaction

Question 1

Building block of matter

Answer 1

Atom

Question 2

Starting substances

Answer 2

Reactant

Question 3

The substances formed during the reaction

Answer 3

Product

Question 4

The minimum amount of energy needed for reactants to form products in a chemical reaction

Answer 4

Activation energy

Question 5

Substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction

Answer 5

Catalyst

Question 6

Biological catalyst that speed up the rate of chemical reactions in biological processes

Answer 6

Enzyme

Question 7

Reactants that bind to the enzymes

Answer 7

Substrate

Question 8

Specific location where a substrate binds on an enzyme

Answer 8

Active site

Question 9

Neutrons and protons located at the center of an atom

Answer 9

Nucleus

Question 10

Positively charged particles

Answer 10

Proton

Question 11

Molecules that have an unequal distribution of charges

Answer 11

Polar molecule

Question 12

Weak interaction involving a hydrogen atom and a fluorine, oxygen or nitrogen atom

Answer 12

Hydrogen bond

Question 13

Combination of 2 or more substances in which each substance retains its individual characteristics and properties

Answer 13

Mixture

Question 14

Another name for a homogenous mixture

Answer 14

Solution

Question 15

Substance in which another substance is dissolved

Answer 15

Solvent

Question 16

Substance that is dissolved in the solvent

Answer 16

Solute

Question 17

Substances that release hydrogen ions when they are dissolved in water

Answer 17

Acid

Question 18

Substances that release hydroxide ions (OH-) when they are dissolved in water

Answer 18

Base

Question 19

The measure of concentration of H+ in a solution

Answer 19

pH

Question 20

Mixtures that can react with acids or bases to keep the pH within a particular range

Answer 20

Buffer

Question 21

Large molecules that are formed by joining smaller molecules together

Answer 21

Macromolecule

Question 22

Molecules made from repeating units of identical or nearly identical compounds that are linked together by a series of covalent bonds

Answer 22

Polemers

Question 23

Compounds composed of carbon hydrogen and oxygen in a ration of one oxygen and 2 hydrogen atoms for each carbon atom

Answer 23

Carbohydrate

Question 24

Molecules made mostly of carbon and hydrogen that make up the fats, oils, and waxes

Answer 24

Lipid

Question 25

Compound made of small carbon compounds called amino acids

Answer 25

Protein

Question 26

Small compounds that are made of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and sometimes sulfur

Answer 26

Amino acids

Question 27

Complex macromolecules that store and transmit genetic info

Answer 27

Nucleic acid

Question 28

The spreading of something more widely

Answer 28

Diffusion

Question 29

Several covalent bonds that form between the amino acid group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of another

Answer 29

Peptic bond

Question 30

Nucleic acids made up of smaller repeating submits composed of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and hydrogen atoms

Answer 30

Nucleotide

Question 31

Particles that have no charge

Answer 31

Neutron

Question 32

Negative charged particles

Answer 32

Electron

Question 33

Pure substance that cannot be down into other substances by physical or chemical means

Answer 33

Element

Question 34

Atoms of the same element are that have different numbers of neutrons

Answer 34

Isotope

Question 35

Pure substance formed when 2 or more different elements combine

Answer 35

Compound

Question 36

The chemical bond that forms when electrons are shared

Answer 36

Covalent bonds

Question 37

Compound in which the atoms are held together by covalent bonds

Answer 37

Molecule

Question 38

An atom that has lost or gained one or more electrons (carries an electron)

Answer 38

Ion

Question 39

Electrical attraction between 2 oppositely charged atoms or groups of atoms called ions

Answer 39

Ionic bond