Vocab

Question 0

Involves separating these DNA fragments using gel electrophoresis In order to observe the distinct banding patterns that are unique to every individual

Answer 0

DNA fingerprinting

Question 1

The field of study that involves creating and maintaining databases of biological information

Answer 1

Bioformatics

Question 2

Tiny microscope slides or silicon chips that are spotted with DNA fragments

Answer 2

DNA microarray

Question 3

Variations in the DNA sequence that occur when a single nucleotide in the genome is altered

Answer 3

Single nucleotide polymorphisms

Question 4

Regions of linked variations in the human genome

Answer 4

Haplotype

Question 5

The study of how genetic inheritance affects the body’s response to drugs

Answer 5

Pharmacrogenomics

Question 6

Individual heterozygous for a recessive disorder such as cystic fibrosis or Tay-Sachs disease

Answer 6

Carrier

Question 7

Diagram that traces the inheritance of a particular trait through several generations

Answer 7

Pedigree

Question 8

Catherine heterozygous Is an intermediate phenotype between the 2 homozygous phenotypes

Answer 8

Incomplete dominance

Question 9

A complex inheritance pattern which both alleles are expressed in the heterozygous condition

Answer 9

Codominance

Question 10

The 2 allele traits form of inheritance is determined by

Answer 10

Multiple alleles

Question 11

The result of one allele hiding the effects of another allele

Answer 11

Epistasis

Question 12

Determines and individuals gender

Answer 12

Sex chromosome

Question 13

The other 22 pairs of chromosomes

Answer 13

Autosome

Question 14

Traits controlled by genes located on the X chromosome

Answer 14

Sex-linked trait

Question 15

Traits that arise from the interaction of multiple pairs of genes

Answer 15

Polygenic trait

Question 16

The pairs of homoglous chromosomes are arranged in decreasing size to produce a micrograph

Answer 16

Karytype

Question 17

Chromosomes and in protective caps

Answer 17

Telomere

Question 18

Cell division during which sister chromatids fail to separate properly, which does happen occasionally

Answer 18

Nondisjunction

Question 19

The process by which desired traits of certain plants and animals are selected and based on their future generations

Answer 19

Selective breeding

Question 20

This process in which two closely related organisms are bred to have the desired traits and to eliminate the undesired ones in future generations

Answer 20

Inbreeding

Question 21

Involves breeding an organism that has the unknown genotype with one that is homozygous recessive for the desired trait

Answer 21

Test cross

Question 22

Technology that involves manipulating the DNA of one organism in order to insert exogenous DNA (the D N A of another organism

Answer 22

Genetic engineering

Question 23

The total DNA present in the of each cell

Answer 23

Geome

Question 24

Protein that recognize and bind to a specific DNA sequences and cleave the DNA within that sequence. It cuts the viral DNA into a fragment after it enters the bacteria

Answer 24

Restriction enzyme

Question 25

Newly generated DNA molecule with DNA from different sources

Answer 25

Recombinant DNA

Question 26

Small circular, double stranded DNA molecules that occur naturally in bacteria and yeast cells

Answer 26

Plasmid

Question 27

An enzyme normally used by cells in DNA repair and replication

Answer 27

DNA ligase

Question 28

A process in which some of the bacterial cells take up the recombination plasmid DNA

Answer 28

Transformation

Question 29

Throughout this process, large number of identical- bacteria cells take up the recombinant plasmid DNA

Answer 29

Cloning

Question 30

Can be used to make millions of copies of a specific region of a DNA fragment

Answer 30

Polymerase chain reaction

Question 31

The large scale study of cataloging of the structure and function of proteins in the human body

Answer 31

Proteomics

Question 32

Organisms genetically engineered by inserting a gene from another organism

Answer 32

Transgenetic organization

Question 33

A technique aimed at correcting mutated genes that cause human diseases

Answer 33

Gene therapy

Question 34

The study of an organisms genome

Answer 34

Genomics