chapter 6 Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is social cognition?
Judging and perceiving others.
What is person perception?
The different mental processes used to understand and form impressions about others (attitudes and stereotypes).
What are attributions?
An evaluation made about the causes of behavior (why) and the process of making the evaluation.
What are internal attributions?
Examples include age, gender, psychological state, and intelligence.
What are external attributions?
Examples include context, situation, and surroundings.
What is the fundamental attribution error?
Our tendency to explain others’ behavior based on internal attribution only.
What are attitudes?
An evaluation of a person, event, object, situation, etc. (can be learnt, usually once formed - set in stone).
What is the tri-component model of attitudes?
The 3 aspects to attitude formation: Affective, Behavioral, Cognitive.
What does ABC stand for in the tri-component model?
Affective, Behavioral, Cognitive.
What does affective refer to?
Our emotions and intuitive feelings.
What does behavioral refer to?
Outward actions that reflect our point of view.
What does cognitive refer to?
Our thoughts and beliefs about something.
What is cognitive dissonance?
The psychological tension that occurs when your thoughts, feelings, and/or behaviors do not align with one another.
What are cognitive biases?
Unconscious, systematic tendencies to interpret information in a way that is neither rational nor based on objective reality.
What is confirmation bias?
The tendency to search for and accept information that supports our prior beliefs or behaviors and ignore contradictory information.
What is actor-observer bias?
The tendency to attribute our own actions to external factors and situational causes while attributing other people’s actions to internal factors.
What is self-serving bias?
The tendency to attribute positive success to our internal character and actions and attribute our failures to external factors or situational causes.
What is false consensus bias?
The tendency to overestimate the degree to which other people share the same ideas and attitudes as we do.
What is the halo effect?
The tendency for the impression we form about one quality of a person to influence our overall beliefs about the person in other respects.
