chapter 6 Flashcards
all light is some form of?
electromagnetic radiation
all light travels at what speed
3.0 x 10^8
what is the symbol for wavelength ?
lambda (little hook looking thingy)
what is the symbol for frequency ?
V (nu)
for light, speed C
C=(lambda) (nu)
C = 3.0 x 10^8
what did planck say?
energy can only be absorbed or released from atoms in certain amounts called quanta
what does h equal?
in E= hv
6.63 x 10^-34
radiation composed of only one wavelength are called ?
monochromatic light
radiation that spans a whole array of wavelengths is called continuous
spectrum
lowest energy state ?
ground state
higher energy state ?
excited state
what are the numbers for shells ?
1
2
3
4
what are the labels of the subshells ?
how many subshells does each shell have
s
p
d
f
the shell numbers is also the number of subshells it contains
how many orbitals does each sub shell have ?
s =1
p= 3
d= 5
f= 7
how many electrons can each orbital hold ?
2
what is the shape of each orbital ?
s - spherical
p- dumbbell
d- elongated dumbbell
f - “nasty”
what is heisenbergs uncertainty principle?
for electrons: we cannot determine their momentum and position simultaneously
what is Paulis exclusion principle:
an orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, and they must have opposite spins
what is hunds rule ?
electrons fill each orbital singly with their spins parallel before any orbital gets a second electron
“everyone gets one before anyone gets two”
what is a core electron ?
inner shell electrons
what is a valence electron?
outer shell electrons
