Chapter 6 & 9 Flashcards
(24 cards)
What kind of lesions is ataxic dysarthria associated with?
cerebellar
what does ataxic dysarthria affect?
standing, walking, speech
-movements halting, imprecise, jerky, poorly coordinated, lack of fluidity/smoothness
name the terms that accompany cerebellar lesions
- nystagmus
- hypotonia
- dysmetria
- dysdiadokokinesis
- intention or kinetic tremors
define nystagmus
rapid back and forth jerky movements of the eyes at rest or with lateral or upward gaze
define hypotonia
absence of tone; decrease in resistance to passive movement
define dysmetria
inabililty to go to target- overshooting of movement
define dysdiadokokinesis
movement, errors in the sequence and speed of component parts of a movement, with a resultant lack of coordination
Name 5 etiologies in ataxic dysarthria
- tumor
- trauma
- toxic/metabolic conditions
- degenerative diseases affecting cerebellum
- vascular disorders
- neoplastic disorders
- demyelinating diseases
name 3 major clues to presence of ataxic dysarthria
- irregular articulatory breakdowns
- irregular speech AMRs
- excess and equal stress
- excess loudness variations
- distorted vowels
T/F ataxic dysarthria is poorly coordinate movement pattern rather than weakness
true
where are the breakdowns for ataxic dysarthria?
motor organization and control
Name 5 ataxic dysarthria speech characteristics
- incoordination
- reduced/decreased muscle tone
- slowness
- inaccuracy
- dysdiadokokinesis
- disturbed articulation of consonant/vowels
- slow, deliberate, halting speech patterns
- irregular breakdown
T/F breakdowns for ataxic dysarthria are consistent
false; they are inconsistent– breakdowns for flaccid dysarthria are consistent
what is frederiechs ataxia?
a rare, inherited degenerative and progressive disease; shows early in life; often, child needs wheelchair within 10 years
what is the Romberg test?
test of balance that rules out loss of proprioception, vestibular problems, or hysteria
What is Unilateral UMN dysarthria associated with?
damage to UMN
T/F UUMN dysarthria results in bilateral UMN weakness in face/tongue
false; it results in unilateral UMN weakness in face/tongue (bilateral = spastic)
list some clinical characteristics of UUMN dysarthria
- Babinski reflex on affected side
- combo of weakness and spasticity, affected limbs
- corticobulbar involvement- contralateral lower facial weakness
what are some etiologies for UUMN dysarthria? which is the most common?
- tumors
- trauma– especially surgical trauma
- unilateral stroke (most common)
what component of speech is mostly affected for UUMN dysarthria?
articulation
T/F weakness is on the contralateral side for UUMN
true
T/F tongue protrusion will deviate to the stronger side
false; weaker side
list 5 UUMN speech characteristics
- slow rate
- imprecise articulation
- slow and irregular AMRs
- decreased coordination associated with weakness
- vocal quality is harsh, decreased loudness
how does UUMN and flaccid dysarthrias differ in terms of weakness?
UUMN is weakness on lower half of one side
flaccid is total paresis on one side
